WGU C217 Objective Assessment Study Guide Questions and Answers Rated A

WGU C217 Objective Assessment Study Guide Questions and Answers Rated A Multidimensional Perspective how cognitive, biological, and socioemotional development influence each other Multidimensionally speaking, if a young boy breaks his leg how will he not develop according to Piaget? He will not be able to develop cognitively because he can't move to experience the world around him What are two examples of how growth expands and shrinks? Fluid intelligence, Crystallized intelligence When does fluid intelligence peak? In early adulthood, then declines When does crystallized intelligence increase continuously Plastic perspective the capacity for change When is a growth mindset most prevalent? In middle childhood because they are aware that they can change and develop. Memory training in older adults it can grow their cognitive abilities Multidisciplinary discipline Any field of study that finds interest in and studies human life and development Contextual development Every part of development happens in some type of context 3 Influences of contextual development normative age, normative history, non-normative Normative age growth and development specific to a certain age (graduation) Normative history A person acts a certain way because they grew up during the Great Depression. Non-Normative life events specific to one person, effects their development. (death of a parent at a young age) 5 Types of perspectives Psychoanalytical, Cognitive, Behavioral, Ecological, Ethological Psychoanalytical Theorists Freud, Erickson Behavioral theorists Skinner, Bandura Cognitive theorists Piaget, Vgotsky Ecological Theorist Bronfenbrenner Ethological perspective Behavior is strongly influenced by biology and evolution. Characterized by specific periods of development. Psychoanalytical perspective -Unconscious forces - early experiences both shape development Cognitive perspective social and cultural interaction guide development Behavioral perspective we can only study what can be directly observed and measures. Ecological perspective environmental systems have several layers Information Processing cognitive theory that states how people process information, thoughts, memory, and language Who is famous for his psychoanalytic theory? Erick Erickson Erickson states that development is: Social and reflects a desire to affiliate with other people How many psycho social stages are there? 8 Erickson believes that personality is shaped in the first ____ years of life 5 Discontinuity development happens in stages and not all at once What are Erickson's stages of development? -Trust vs. Mistrust -Autonomy vs. Shame / guilt -Initiative vs. guilt -Industry vs. Inferiority -Identity vs. Role Confusion -Intimacy vs. Isolation -Generativity vs. Stagnation -Integrity vs. despair -Trust vs. Mistrust First year. warmth / constant care -Autonomy vs. Shame / guilt Second year. Independence, over protective parents can hinder this and cause guilt -Initiative vs. guilt 3-5 years. make things happen, wider social world (language) -Industry vs. Inferiority 6-12 years. mastering skills, role of parents, peers, and school -Identity vs. Role Confusion Adolescence. What is identity? -Intimacy vs. Isolation Early adulthood 20s-30s. Influenced by the last stage. -Generativity vs. Stagnation Middle adulthood 40s-50s. Think about their legacy and what they leave behind. -Integrity vs. despair Late adulthood 60s and up. Integrity- life well spent despair- reflect What is Piaget's theory Cognitive development theory How many stages does Piaget believe children go through? 4 Piaget believes each stage is a ... qualitatively different way of thinking Cognitive development is the change in how a child _____ not how much they know. Think What are Piagets 4 stages of cognitive development? Sensorimotor, Pre - operational, Concrete operational, Formal Operational sensrimotor stage -Birth to 2 years -infants learn by coordinating sensory experience with motor actions object permanence Understanding objects are there even when they can't be seen. Centration the tendency to focus on one dimension at a time.