SAFE USAGE
Feature of secure websites
URL starts with https (means connection is encrypted)
Address bar turns green
Lock icons shows
Critical to updates your antivirus, operating system and browser
Be aware of:
Unexpected pop-ups (don’t click on it)
Unknown attachments/programs
Spam: unwanted or intrusive advertising on the internet
Hoax: something distributed with the intention to deceive – usually
false, sometimes ridiculous information/stories (fake news)
Scam: a misleading, dishonest offer/action e.g. fake online shop
that steals your money and doesn’t sell you the product
Phishing: a scam where an internet user is tricked (e.g. by
deceptive email message) into revealing confidential info (usually
on a fake website looking like the organisation) which the scammer
can use for identity theft or fraud etc.
Spoofing: faking an email header to look like it came from
someone else. Often used in phishing and spam to get people to
trust the origin.
Pharming: a scamming practice in which malicious code is
installed in a PC/server, misdirecting users to fraudulent websites
even if they typed the correct URL. Similar to phishing but without
a lure.
Click-jacking: a scam in which a disguised link (which cannot be
seen or detected) is inserted above a legitimate link. Users think
they are clicking on a link/image but they actually click on an
invisible link above it which can contain a malicious program.
Good passwords
, Capital and lowercase letters, numbers, symbols, no patterns
(passphrase – longer phrase is much safer – not with word from
dictionary). Use a Password Manager.
CRIMINAL
Piracy
Unauthorized duplication of copyrighted content that is then sold at a
substantially lower prices in the ‘grey market’.
Hacker (White hat)
Identify security gaps in an ICT system (also get ethical hackers – they
get hired to test security systems.
Cracker (black hat)
Identity security gaps and use it for criminal purposes.
Botnet
Many connected “bots” that includes worms, trojans, spam, etc.
Spread with other people’s infected computers (single: bot/zombie)
over the internet without them being aware of their computers
being used.
Commonly used for a DDoS attack where masses of useless data
or requests are sent to a network or computer. This can reduce the
speed drastically or crash the entire network.
Identity Thefts
The illegal use of someone else’s personal information (such as ID
number) especially in order to obtain money or credit.
MALWARE
Feature of secure websites
URL starts with https (means connection is encrypted)
Address bar turns green
Lock icons shows
Critical to updates your antivirus, operating system and browser
Be aware of:
Unexpected pop-ups (don’t click on it)
Unknown attachments/programs
Spam: unwanted or intrusive advertising on the internet
Hoax: something distributed with the intention to deceive – usually
false, sometimes ridiculous information/stories (fake news)
Scam: a misleading, dishonest offer/action e.g. fake online shop
that steals your money and doesn’t sell you the product
Phishing: a scam where an internet user is tricked (e.g. by
deceptive email message) into revealing confidential info (usually
on a fake website looking like the organisation) which the scammer
can use for identity theft or fraud etc.
Spoofing: faking an email header to look like it came from
someone else. Often used in phishing and spam to get people to
trust the origin.
Pharming: a scamming practice in which malicious code is
installed in a PC/server, misdirecting users to fraudulent websites
even if they typed the correct URL. Similar to phishing but without
a lure.
Click-jacking: a scam in which a disguised link (which cannot be
seen or detected) is inserted above a legitimate link. Users think
they are clicking on a link/image but they actually click on an
invisible link above it which can contain a malicious program.
Good passwords
, Capital and lowercase letters, numbers, symbols, no patterns
(passphrase – longer phrase is much safer – not with word from
dictionary). Use a Password Manager.
CRIMINAL
Piracy
Unauthorized duplication of copyrighted content that is then sold at a
substantially lower prices in the ‘grey market’.
Hacker (White hat)
Identify security gaps in an ICT system (also get ethical hackers – they
get hired to test security systems.
Cracker (black hat)
Identity security gaps and use it for criminal purposes.
Botnet
Many connected “bots” that includes worms, trojans, spam, etc.
Spread with other people’s infected computers (single: bot/zombie)
over the internet without them being aware of their computers
being used.
Commonly used for a DDoS attack where masses of useless data
or requests are sent to a network or computer. This can reduce the
speed drastically or crash the entire network.
Identity Thefts
The illegal use of someone else’s personal information (such as ID
number) especially in order to obtain money or credit.
MALWARE
