Biochemistry WGU OA 2022 Questions With Answers

Biochemistry WGU OA 2022 Questions With Answers. Amino Acid backbone consists of Ans - 1. amino group 2. carboxyl group 3. alpha carbon 4. R group Amino group: looks likes/consists of Ans - NH3+ Carboxyl group looks like/consists of Ans - cooAlpha carbon looks like/consists of Ans - CH The three Amino acid categories Ans - 1. hydrophobic (nonpolar) 2. polar 3. charged Hydrophobic Amino Acids Ans - non polar afraid of h20 usually in the middle/core of the protein contains H + C... C-C, or C-H Polar Amino Acids Ans - ELECTRONEGATIVE contains O + H... O-H. NH, SH Charged Amino Acids Ans - either negative or positive Ionic Amino Acid Protein structure levels Ans - 1. primary 2. secondary 3. tertiary 4. quaternary what level do all proteins have Ans - tertiary Primary level of protein/amino acid Ans - held together with peptide bonds. peptide bonds hold amino acids together which forms polypeptide chains when multiple amino acids are attached together Secondary Level of protein/Amino acid Ans - forms hydrogen bonds with the amino back bone Tertiary Level of protein/amino acid Ans - The R groups interact to create the three dimensional shape Quaternary Level of protein/amino acid Ans - two or more subunits . Not all proteins have a quaternary structure.. this is where multiple amino acids are attached by polypeptide chains hydrophobic interactions Ans - weak. Can be broken with change in temp. (increasing temp) if in the center of the protein, they are stronger aggregation Ans - occurs due to hydrophobic interactions.. when hydrophobic interaction is broken, they bind to other hydrophobic amino acids. (boiling an egg) Hydrogen bonds Ans - bond with O or N weak. but the more bonds formed the more strength there is. broke by increased temp and change in PH disulfide bond Ans - covalent bond. two sulfur atoms only cysteine forms this bond. very strong. not easily broken only broken by reducing agents Ionic bond Ans - occur by opposite charges + attracts - moderately strong. broken by change in ph, or salt. increased salt competes with the ionic bond. enzymes Ans - protein catalyst that help protein reactions happen quickly. binds to active site active site Ans - where the substrate binds. forming a complex. (enzyme molecule complex) activation energy Ans - lowers the amount of energy needed to get the product. catalyzed reaction enzyme catalyzed reaction Ans - activation energy is less for the catalyzed reaction enzyme Ans - ends in ASE substrate Ans - is always before the arrow of the reaction. they can become products affinity Ans - an attraction to myoglobin Ans - higher affinity than hemoglobin. job is to store o2 has one subunit which binds to one heme group o2 and that o2 has one iron hemoglobin Ans - picks up o2 from lungs and delivers to tissues has four subunits (proteins) and each one binds to one heme group o2 and each o2 has one iron cooperatively which class of amino acids is most likely to be located on the exterior of hemoglobin. why Ans - Polar or charged. sickle cell anemia results when someone inherits 2 mutant copies of the HBB gene, which is on chromosome 11. what is the mode of inheritance. Ans - autosomal recessive autosomal recessive Ans - you have to get 2 mutated genes to have the disease autosomal dominant Ans - you can get only one mutated gene and still have the disease in the lung what do we want hgb to do Ans - pick up o2. relaxed state high ph: low co2. low H+ high affinity in the muscle what do we want hgb to do Ans - drop off o2. low affinity . tense state low ph: high co2, high H+ hemoglobin: oxygenated location Ans - lungs stabilized by co2 Hemoglobin DeOxygenated location Ans - muscle stabilized by 2,3-BPG Bohr effect Ans - higher ph has higher % hgb saturated (higher affinity the higher the ph) shift to the left is a higher affinity and a shift to the right is a lower affinity. We offer online tutoring and help with assignments for all modules and majors. For assistance contact Tutor Alpha: