NR507 Week 5 Quiz.

Question : Lipid-soluble hormone receptors are located Student Answer: inside the plasma membrane in the cytoplasm. on the outer surface of the plasma membrane. inside the mitochondria. on the inner surface of the plasma membrane. Instructor Explanation: Lipid-soluble hormones easily diffuse across the plasma membrane and bind to either cytosolic or nuclear receptors. Points Received: 2 of 2 Comments: Question 2. Question : Where is oxytocin synthesized? Student Answer: Hypothalamus Paraventricular nuclei Anterior pituitary Posterior pituitary Instructor Explanation: The posterior pituitary secretes two polypeptide hormones: (1) ADH, also called arginine vasopressin; and (2) oxytocin. Points Received: 0 of 2 Comments: Question 3. Question : A surgical individual just arrived on the unit from the postanesthesia care unit. This person’s respirations are 4 per minute and shallow. As the nurse calls for assistance, the person suddenly feels jittery and breathing quickens. Which of the following feedback loops is operating for the nurse in this situation? Student Answer: The central nervous system stimulates hypothalamus-releasing factor, which acts on the anterior pituitary gland to secrete thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and stimulates the release of thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). The central nervous system directly stimulates the release of insulin, which reduces blood glucose levels. The central nervous system directly stimulates the adrenal medulla to secrete epinephrine and stimulates hypothalamus-releasing factor, which acts on the anterior pituitary gland to secrete adrenocorticotropic-stimulating hormone (ACTH), stimulating the release of cortisol. The central nervous system stimulates the hypothalamus to synthesize oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone, which are secreted by the posterior pituitary, activating uterine contraction and renal absorption of water. Instructor Explanation: The secretion of cortisol is regulated primarily by the hypothalamus and the anterior pituitary gland. In the hypothalamus, corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) is produced in several nuclei and stored in the median eminence. Once released, CRH travels through the portal vessels to stimulate the production of ACTH from pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC), -lipotropin, -lipotropin, endorphins, and enkephalins by the anterior pituitary. ACTH is the main regulator of cortisol secretion and adrenocortical growth. Points Received: 2 of 2 Comments: Question 4. Question : What effect does hyperphosphatemia have on other electrolytes? Student Answer: It increases serum calcium. It decreases serum calcium. It decreases serum magnesium. It increases serum magnesium. Instructor Explanation: Hyperphosphatemia leads to hypocalcemia. Points Received: 2 of 2 Comments: Question 5. Question : What is the target tissue for prolactin-releasing factor (PRF)? Student Answer: Hypothalamus Anterior pituitary Mammary glands Posterior pituitary Instructor Explanation: PRF secreted by the anterior pituitary stimulates secretion of prolactin. Points Received: 2 of 2 Comments: