DNA and RNA:
- Occurs mainly in the nucleus where it forms part of the chromatin network /
chromosomes thus it is known as chromosomal DNA.
- Small amount of DNA occurs outside the nucleus, in the mitochondria of plant and
animal cells, as well as in chloroplasts of plant cells. This DNA is known as extranuclear
DNA.
Nucleic Acids:
- Nucleic acids: organic molecules that control the synthesis of proteins in all living cells by
storing and transferring genetic information.
- Two types of nucleic acids occur in living cells:
DNA RNA
Structure of DNA:
- Giant molecule, consisting of two strands that are twisted to form a double helix.
- When unwound, it looks like a ladder.
- DNA is a polymer made up of many similar units (building blocks) called monomers.
- The monomers of DNA are known as nucleotides.
Nucleotides:
- Each nucleotide consists of three parts:
Sugar molecule Phosphate group Nitrogenous base
Deoxyribose (D) (P)
Adenine (A)
Guanine (G)
Cytosine (C)
Thymine (T)
- Occurs mainly in the nucleus where it forms part of the chromatin network /
chromosomes thus it is known as chromosomal DNA.
- Small amount of DNA occurs outside the nucleus, in the mitochondria of plant and
animal cells, as well as in chloroplasts of plant cells. This DNA is known as extranuclear
DNA.
Nucleic Acids:
- Nucleic acids: organic molecules that control the synthesis of proteins in all living cells by
storing and transferring genetic information.
- Two types of nucleic acids occur in living cells:
DNA RNA
Structure of DNA:
- Giant molecule, consisting of two strands that are twisted to form a double helix.
- When unwound, it looks like a ladder.
- DNA is a polymer made up of many similar units (building blocks) called monomers.
- The monomers of DNA are known as nucleotides.
Nucleotides:
- Each nucleotide consists of three parts:
Sugar molecule Phosphate group Nitrogenous base
Deoxyribose (D) (P)
Adenine (A)
Guanine (G)
Cytosine (C)
Thymine (T)
