NURS 6550 Midterm Exam

1. The AGACNP is caring for a patient who is quite ill and has developed, among other things, a large right sided pleural effusion. Thoracentesis is sent for pleural fluid analysis. While evaluating the fluid analysis, the AGACNP knows that a fluid identified as a(n) __________ is the least worrisome type. Answer: A, a trasdutate is essential as it shows 2. Mrs. Miller is transported to the emergency department by paramedics. She is having profound, unremitting chest pain, is diaphoretic and pale. She has jugular venous distention and a widened pulse pressure. Suspecting ascending aortic aneurysm, the AGACNP order which test to confirm the diagnosis? Ans: D is the answer- CT( not radiography or MRI or us) 3. Certain subgroups of the elderly population are at an increased risk for rapid deterioration and long-term care placement. Which of the following is not ….a high risk factor for long term care placement? ANS: A- men ( others are 80, live alone, bowel and bladder incontinence, hx of fall, dysfunctional coping and intellectual impairment). 4. A patient with anterior epistaxis has been ….with 20 minutes of direct pressure to the cartilaginous portion of the nose. Following pressure the patient is ….to gently blow the nose. Expected findings in the patient who has been successfully ….include all of the following except a: Ans: C, bld and clot formation occurs if bleeding stop within 20 min of directed pressure and can be removed by gentle suction and gentle blowing of nose. 5. Kevin is a 14-year-old male who presents for evaluation of a fever of 102.5° F and significant right ear pain. He appears quite ill and says he feels nauseous. Otoscopic evaluation reveals pain to palpation, a very erythematous and bulging tympanic membrane with bullous myringitis. The AGACNP knows that antibiotic therapy must be selected to cover: Ans: D, streptococcus pneumonaie commonly bacteria present in head and neck infection of immunocompetent patients, and primarily treatment target for otitis media, bacterial sinusitis, and bacterial pharyngitis. 6. P.M. is a 71-year-old gay male patient who presents as an outpatient for evaluation of increasing shortness of breath. The diagnostic evaluation ultimately supports a diagnosis of community acquired pneumonia. The AGACNP appreciates right middle lobe consolidation on chest radiography. Pending sputum cultures, empiric antibiotic therapy must be initiated to cover which organism? Ans: D- streptococcus pneumonaie from out patient population and targeted treatment empirically. 7. Which of the following is the greatest risk factor for vascular dementia? Ans- B, vascular disease in target organ damage in DM, hyperlipidemia and HTN