ATI RN Predictor Study Exam 2022

ATI RN Predictor Study Exam 2022 Addison's Disease - Answer- - Is an endocrine disorder that occurs when the adrenal glands do not produce enough of the hormone cortisol and in some cases, the hormone aldosterone. - The disease is characterized by weight loss, muscle weakness, fatigue, low BP and hyperpigmentation (darkening) of the skin in both exposed and non-exposed parts of the body. Common symptoms of Addison's Disease - Answer- - Weight loss - Hyperpigmentation - Weakness/fatigue - Low BP - Loss of Body hair Cushing's Disease - Answer- - S/S: Hirsutism (excessive hair), moon face, purple striatum (typically in the skin of the abdomen, thighs or breast), thin extremities, buffalo hump Testing for TB - Answer- - A Mantoux skin test is the most accurate and valuable screening tool available for TB. A positive result means only that the client has been exposed to TB; it does not meant that the client has active TB. - A sputum culture for acid fast bacillus (AFB) is used to confirm the diagnosis of pulmonary TB after a screening test and chest x-ray come back positive. Teaching instructions for the use of a cane: - Answer- (1) The cane is moved forward about 12 inches (2) Then, the weak leg is moved even with the cane. (3) Finally, the strong leg is brought forward and ahead of the cane and weak leg. - Canes are held on the strong side - The grip of the cane should be level with the trochanter of the femur Veracity - Answer- - Is truthfulness. This is the value that requires the nurse to tell the truth to every client and to make sure that the client fully understands the message. Autonomy - Answer- - Is the right to independence and personal freedom, which leads to the primacy of self-determination Fidelity - Answer- - Is the duty to keep promises. It refers to the obligation to be faithful to agreements, commitments and responsibilities that are made. Nonmaleficence - Answer- - Is the obligation and duty to do no harm. Meningococcal vaccine - Answer- - Recommended that this vaccine be given to children who are 11 through 12 years of age and then given a booster dose at age 16. When should the single dose of Herpes zoster vaccine be given? - Answer- - To adults 60 years or older whether or not they report a previous episode of herpes zoster. Rotavirus should be given at what age? - Answer- - During the child's first year of life. Alendronate (Fosamax) - Answer- - This medication is used to prevent and treat postmenopausal osteoporosis and Paget's Disease. - Alendronate must be taken first thing in the morning on an empty stomach. - The pt must be instructed to wait at least 30 minutes after taking Alendronate before eating, drinking, or taking other medications. What to expect with a pt having a chest tube? - Answer- - Continuous gentle bubbling in the suction control chamber - Crepitus (with a pneumothorax, this will persist for several hours depending) - Oscillations or also called tidaling in the water seal chamber upon respiration are also expected. Symptoms of hypocalcemia - Answer- - Numbness and tingling in the hands, soles of the feet and around the lips. - A nurse would assess the client for a positive reaction by eliciting the Chvostek's sign. What is a potential complication of a thyroidectomy? - Answer- - Hypocalcemia, which can include numbness and tingling in the hands, soles of the feet and around the lips. What assessment tool would a nurse use to determine hypocalcemia? - Answer- - Chvostek's sign What is Chvostek's sign? And how is it done? - Answer- Tap on the pt's face at a point just anterior to the ear and just below the zygomatic bone. A positive response would be twitching of the ipsilateral (same side only) facial muscles, suggestive of neuromuscular excitability caused by hypocalcemia. Brudzinski's sign - Answer- - Is an indication of meningeal irritation, which may be positive with pt's with meningitis. - To perform this, the client needs to be supine. The nurse places one hand behind the pt's head and places the other hand on the clients chest. The nurse then raises the clients head (with the hand behind the head) while the hand on the chest restrains the clients and prevents the client from rising. Flexion of the clients lower extremities constitutes a positive sign.......