14.1
Give three differences in physical Alcohols are less volatile, have higher melting points,
properties of alcohols compared with and greater water solubility. The differences become
alkanes smaller as chain length increases
Explain the differences in bonding in
alkanes and alcohols
Draw a diagram displaying hydrogen
bonding between two ethanol molecules
Explain why alcohols have a higher Hydrogen bonds hold alcohols together. These bonds
boiling points and lower volatility than must be broken in order to change the liquid alcohol
alkanes into a gas. This requires more energy than overcoming
the weaker London forces in alkanes so alcohols have a
lower volatility than the alkanes with the same number
of carbon atoms.
Explain why alcohols are water soluble
while alkanes are not
Primary alcohol The OH group is attached to a carbon atom that is
attached to one carbon atom or two hydrogen atoms
Secondary alcohol OH group is attached to a carbon atom that is attached
to two carbon atoms or one hydrogen atom
Tertiary alcohol OH group is attached to a carbon atom that is attached
Give three differences in physical Alcohols are less volatile, have higher melting points,
properties of alcohols compared with and greater water solubility. The differences become
alkanes smaller as chain length increases
Explain the differences in bonding in
alkanes and alcohols
Draw a diagram displaying hydrogen
bonding between two ethanol molecules
Explain why alcohols have a higher Hydrogen bonds hold alcohols together. These bonds
boiling points and lower volatility than must be broken in order to change the liquid alcohol
alkanes into a gas. This requires more energy than overcoming
the weaker London forces in alkanes so alcohols have a
lower volatility than the alkanes with the same number
of carbon atoms.
Explain why alcohols are water soluble
while alkanes are not
Primary alcohol The OH group is attached to a carbon atom that is
attached to one carbon atom or two hydrogen atoms
Secondary alcohol OH group is attached to a carbon atom that is attached
to two carbon atoms or one hydrogen atom
Tertiary alcohol OH group is attached to a carbon atom that is attached
