TExES ESL 154

TExES ESL 154 Language 1 L1 -☑ Terms are used to indicate that a person has acquired the language in infancy and early childhooh & generally within the family. Level of Proficiency in language. Language 2 L2 -☑ non-native language, 2nd language) implies the prior aailability to the individual of an L1, some form of biligualism. May indicate a lower level of proficiency. Phonology -☑ producing the basic sound units of language Morphology -☑ word formation in a language including inflection, derivation and compunding syntax -☑ the way in which words are put together to form phrases, clause, or sentences Semantics -☑ relating to menaing in language Pragmatics -☑ the appropriate use of language; rules for communicating effectively and responding to the needs of one's listeners. comprehensible input -☑ means that students should be able to understand the essence of what is being said to them affective filter -☑ Is a mental barrier put up the ELL student when put in high stress or anxiety or embrassess TPR -☑ total physical repsonse; say a single action word then perform that action 5 Stages of ESL Development -☑ 1. Preproduction, 2. Early production, 3. Speech emergent, 4. Intermediate fluency, 5. Advance proficiency Preproduction -☑ silent/receptive, 500 words or less; use of pictures, gestures, pointing; 6months Early Production -☑ 1000 words, one & two word phrases; 6months Speech Emergent -☑ 7000 words,use short sentences and ask simple questions, 1yr Intermediate Fluency -☑ 12,000 words, make complex statements, 1yr or more Advanced Proficiency -☑ 17,000 words, participating fully in discussions, 5-7yrs Cognitive Processes -☑ memorization, categorization, generalization, & metacognition Bloom's Taxonomy -☑ Knowledge Comprehension Application Analysis Synthesis Evaluation cognates -☑ word that have a common etymological origion Idioms -☑ Don't use them; "start from scratch" "when the cat is away, the mouse will play" ESL Fundatmental Language Concepts -☑ 1. Increase compreshensibility, 2. Encourage Interations, 3. Thinking & Study Skills, 4. Use of Native language to increase comprehension ESL Teaching methods -☑ Lingusitic Instruction, Sheltered English, Reciprocal Teaching Lingusitic Instruction -☑ must include initiating frequent interaction with English-specaking peers and materials for L1 & L2 Sheltered English -☑ is an instruction in English understandable to ESL students. Use physical activities, visual aids