NSG 5003 Week 1 Quiz (Study Questions With Answers)

NSG 5003 Week 1 Quiz (Study Questions With Answers) Hypersensitivity is best defined as a(an): a. Disturbance in the immunologic tolerance of self-antigens b. Immunologic reaction of one person to the tissue of another person c. Altered immunologic response to an antigen that results in disease d. Undetectable immune response in the presence of antigens ANS: C Hypersensitivity is an altered immunologic response to an antigen that results in disease or damage to the host. The other options are not accurate definitions of hypersensitivity. 2. Which component of the immune system is deficient in individuals with infections caused by viruses, fungi, or yeast? a. Natural killer cells c. B cells b. Macrophages d. T cells ANS: D Of the available options, deficiencies in T-cell immune responses are suggested when certain viruses (e.g., varicella, vaccinia, herpes, cytomegalovirus), fungi, and yeasts (e.g., Candida, Histoplasma) or certain atypical microorganisms (e.g., Pneumocystis jiroveci) cause recurrent infections. 3. In a type III hypersensitivity reaction, the harmful effects after the immune complexes that are deposited in tissues are a result of: a. Cytotoxic T cells c. Complement activation b. Natural killer cells d. Degranulation of mast cells ANS: C Complement activation, particularly through the generation of chemotactic factors for neutrophils, causes the harmful effects of immune complex deposition. The neutrophils bind to antibody and C3b contained in the complexes and attempt to ingest the immune complexes. Type III hypersensitivity reactions as described are not the result of any of the other options.