Acids and bases
For any confusion view pdf notes (from group)
Terminology
Acid: Substance that produces Hydrogen ions in water (Proton Donor)
Base: Substance that produces hydroxide ions in water.(Proton Acceptor)
Strong acids: ionize completely in water
Weak acid: ionize incompletely in water
Strong Bases: dissociates completely in water
Weak Bases: dissociates incompletely in water
Concentrated Acid/Base: Contain a large amount of acid/base in proportion to
the volume of water
Dilute Acid/Base: Contain a small amount of acid/base in proportion to the
volume of water
Ampholytic Substance: Substance which can act as an acid or a base
Hydrolysis: The reaction of a salt with water.
Kw: The equilibrium constant for the ionisation of water
Auto-ionisation of water: The reaction of water with itself to form H3O+ and OH
ions.
Equivalence point: The point at which the acid or base has completely reacted
with the other acid or base.
End point: The point where the indicator changes color and the acid has
neutralised the base.
Neutralization: When an acid is added to a base to form salt and water.
Titration: A chemical process to determine the concentration of an unknown acid
or base by using a standard solution whose concentration is known.
Standard solution: The solution of which the exact concentration is known
For any confusion view pdf notes (from group)
Terminology
Acid: Substance that produces Hydrogen ions in water (Proton Donor)
Base: Substance that produces hydroxide ions in water.(Proton Acceptor)
Strong acids: ionize completely in water
Weak acid: ionize incompletely in water
Strong Bases: dissociates completely in water
Weak Bases: dissociates incompletely in water
Concentrated Acid/Base: Contain a large amount of acid/base in proportion to
the volume of water
Dilute Acid/Base: Contain a small amount of acid/base in proportion to the
volume of water
Ampholytic Substance: Substance which can act as an acid or a base
Hydrolysis: The reaction of a salt with water.
Kw: The equilibrium constant for the ionisation of water
Auto-ionisation of water: The reaction of water with itself to form H3O+ and OH
ions.
Equivalence point: The point at which the acid or base has completely reacted
with the other acid or base.
End point: The point where the indicator changes color and the acid has
neutralised the base.
Neutralization: When an acid is added to a base to form salt and water.
Titration: A chemical process to determine the concentration of an unknown acid
or base by using a standard solution whose concentration is known.
Standard solution: The solution of which the exact concentration is known
