BIOD 121 (portage): Module 3 Problem Set

which person is at a greater risk for health issues related to being overweight or obese? Janet has a BMI of 28 and a waist to hip ratio of 0.95. Fred has a BMI of 28.9 and a waist to hip ratio of 0.78. Janet. Both have a BMI that indicates being overweight, but Janet has a more at-risk waist to hip ratio as her value is greater than 0.8. (Women should have a waist to hip ration less than 0.8 and males should have less than 0.9.) What range of BMI values represents a person with a healthy weight? 18.5-25 00:02 01:33 What shape has the greatest health risks and why? Apple, because the fat in the abdominal tissues interferes with the liver's ability to use insulin. What are some factors that can influence an individual's BMR? (list at least 5) The BMR varies per person based on a number of factors such as; gender, lean body mass, body size, temperature, age, nervous system activity, caffeine, smoking, pregnancy, and diet. The following can be used to determine a person's body fat: calipers, underwater weighing, electrical resistance, direct calorimetry Anthropometrics estimates a person's percentage of fat by: using a caliper What range of BMI values represents a person that is obese? 30 Indirect calorimetry estimates a person's energy requirements by: comparing the amount of oxygen consumed with the amount of carbon dioxide expired Ignoring factors other than age, how does BMR change as a person grows older? What does this mean for their dietary intake? As we age our BMR declines by 1-2% per decade. If no change in diet or activity level occurs from one decade to the next, a slow weight gain will be the result. Calculate the Estimated Energy Requirement (EER) for a female who is 23 years old, 5 feet 4 inches tall, and 130 pounds with a sedentary lifestyle. Use BMR and an activity factor to find the EER. BMR Calculations: Male BMR = 66 + (6.23 x weight in pounds) + (12.7 x height in inches) - (6.8 x age) Female BMR = 655 + (4.35 x weight in pounds) + (4.7 x height in inches) - (4.7 x age) Physical Activity (PA) Estimates 1.2 = little to no exercise 1.375 = light exercise 1-3 days per week 1.55 = moderate exercise 3-5 days per week 1.725 = hard exercise 6-7 days per week 1.9 = hard daily exercise/job Female BMR = 655 + (4.35 x weight in pounds) + (4.7 x height in inches) - (4.7 x age) BMR = 655 + (4.35 x 130) + (4.7 x 64) - (4.7 x 23) Complete calculations in parenthesis first BMR = 655 + (565.5) + (300.8) - (108.1) BMR = 1413.2 EER = BMR x activity factor EER= 1413.2 x 1.2= 1695.84 EER= 1696 calories What type of obesity is typically found in females? What body shape is associated with this particular ovesity? Gynoid, pear Direct calorimetry estimates a person's energy requirements by measuring the heat produced in a sealed chamber 00:02 01:33 Upgrade to remove ads Only $35.99/year Bioelectrical impedance estimates a person's body fat by measuring the degree of resistance to an electrical flow Calculate the Estimated energy requirements (EER) for a male who is 41 years old, 6 feet 2 inches tall, and 220 pounds with a Low Activity lifestyle. Use BMR and an activity factor to find the EER. BMR Calculations: Male BMR = 66 + (6.23 x weight in pounds) + (12.7 x height in inches) - (6.8 x age) Female BMR = 655 + (4.35 x weight in pounds) + (4.7 x height in inches) - (4.7 x age) Physical Activity (PA) Estimates 1.2 = little to no exercise 1.375 = light exercise 1-3 days per week 1.55 = moderate exercise 3-5 days per week 1.725 = hard exercise 6-7 days per week 1.9 = hard daily exercise/job Male BMR = 66 + (6.23 x weight in pounds) + (12.7 x height in inches) - (6.8 x age) BMR= 66 + (6.23 x220) + (12.7 x 74) - (6.8 x 41) Complete calculations in parenthesis first BMR = 66 + (1370.6) + (939.8) - (278.8) Then add and subtract BMR = 66+1370.6+939.8-278.8=2097.6 BMR = 2097.6 Multiply the BMR x activity factor to find EER EER = 2097.6 x 1.2 =2517.12 EER = 2517 calories The standard adult BMI chart is not applicable to everyone. Who are some groups to whom the standard BMI chart does not apply? (list at least 4) Children, teens, pregnant women, breast feeding women, short stature adults, very muscular individuals and the elderly What type of obesity is typically found in males? What body shape is associated with this particular obesity? Android, apple In order to meet minimal nutritional requirements, what guidelines are given for the minimum number of calories men and women should consume per day? 1500 for men; 1200 for women What are the three main components of a healthy weight loss program? Calorie control, exercise, and behavior modification