Patho 3126 Final Study Guide

1 . The nucleus _________, which is essential for function and survival of the cell. A) is the site of protein synthesis B) contains the genetic code C) transforms cellular energy D) initiates aerobic metabolism 2. Which of the following aspects of the function of the nucleus is performeby ribosomal RNA (rRNA)? A) Copying and carrying DNA instructions for protein synthesis B) Carrying amino acids to the site of protein synthesis C) Providing the site where protein synthesis occurs D) Regulating and controlling protein synthesis ANS: B ANS: C 3 . The phagocytosis process involves three distinct steps. What is the initial step in the process? A) Engulfment B) Intracellular killing C) Antigen margination D) Recognition and adherence ANS: D 4 . The acute-phase systemic response usually begins within hours of the onset of inflammation and includes: A) fever and lethargy. B) decreased C-reactive protein. C) positive nitrogen balance. D) low erythrocyte sedimentation rate. ANS: A PATHO 3126 FINAL STUDY GUIDE 5 . In contrast to acute inflammation, chronic inflammation is characterized which of the following phenomena? A) Profuse fibrinous exudation B) A shift to the left of granulocytes C) Metabolic and respiratory alkalosis D) Lymphocytosis and activated macrophages ANS: D 6. Epithelialization, the first component of the proliferative phase of wound healing, is delayed in open wounds until after ________ has formed. A) granulation tissue B) fibrinous meshwork C) capillary circulation D) collagenous layers ANS: A 7 . The basement membrane surrounding a patients foot wound remains intact, a fact that bodes well for the wound-healing process. Which of the following components constitute this form of the extracellular matrix? Select all that apply. A) Prostaglandins B) Fibrous structural proteins C) Lymphocytes D) Water-hydrated gels E) Glycoproteins ANS: B,D,E 8 . A nursing student is cleaning and changing the dressing on a patients sacral ulcer. The student has vigorously cleansed the wound bed to remoall traces of the beefy, red tissue that existed in the wound bed. The student has most likely removed: A) Necrotic tissue B) Granulation tissue C) Stem cells D) The extracellular matrix ANS: B 9 . A 12-year-old boys severe wound that he received from a dog bite has begun to heal and currently shows no signs of infection. Which of the following processes occurred first during this process of repair by connective tissue deposition? A) Reorganization of fibrous tissue B) Angiogenesis C) Emigration of fibroblasts to the wound site D) Deposition of the extracellular matrix 9. A 12-year-old boys severe wound that he received from a dog bite has begun to heal and currently shows no signs of infection. Which of the following processes occurred first during this process of repair by connective tissue deposition? A) Reorganization of fibrous tissue B) Angiogenesis C) Emigration of fibroblasts to the wound site D) Deposition of the extracellular matrix 1 0. ANS: B Magnesium is important for the overall function of the body because of its direct role in: A) Cell membrane permeability B) Somatic cell growth control C) Sodium and tonicity regulation D) DNA replication and transcription ANS: D 1 1. Splicing of mRNA during processing permits a cell to: A) form different proteins. B) increase DNA content. C) stop copying DNA onto RNA. D) add nucleic acid end pieces. ANS: A 1 2. Which of the following is an application of recombinant DNA technology? A) Production of human insulin B) DNA fingerprinting C) Gene dosage studies D) Somatic cell hybridization ANS: A 1 3. A woman who is a carrier for which of the following diseases possesses tgreatest likelihood of passing the disease to her future children when heterozygous pairing exists? A) Phenylketonuria (PKU) B) Tay-Sachs disease C) Neurofibromatosis D) Cystic fibrosis ANS: C 1 4. Autosomal recessive disorders are characterized by: A) age of onset later in life. B) abnormal protein structure. C) inborn errors of metabolism. D) one in two risk of a carrier child. ANS: C