NUR 3028 Infection Prevention and Control Exam Elaborations (A+ GRADED)

1. The nurse is caring for a patient with pneumonia with a new nurse in orientation. Which of the following statements by the new nurse would indicate an understanding of the nature of this condition? a. “An infectious disease like pneumonia may not pose a risk to others.” b. “We need to isolate the patient in a negative pressure room.” c. “The patient will not be able to return home.” d. “Clinical signs and symptoms are not present in pneumonia.” ANS: A Infections are infectious or communicable. Infectious diseases may not pose a risk for transmission to others, although they are serious for the patient. Pneumonia is not a communicable disease—a disease that is transmitted directly from one individual to the next; so there is no need for isolation. Clinical signs and symptoms are present in pneumonia and include but are not limited to elevated temperature, shortness of breath, fatigue, and coughing; in addition, the patient may have rhonchi and crackles upon auscultation. Frequently, patients with pneumonia do return home unless there are extenuating circumstances. DIF: Understand REF: 399-401 OBJ: Explain the relationship between the chain of infection and transmission of infection. TOP: Evaluation MSC: Safe and Effective Care Environment 2. The patient and the nurse are discussing Rickettsia rickettsii—Rocky Mountain spotted fever. Which patient statement to the nurse indicates understanding regarding the mode of transmission of this disease? a. “When I go camping, I will be sure to wear sunscreen.” b. “When I go camping, I will drink bottled water.” c. “When I go camping, I will be sure to wear insect repellent.” d. “When I go camping, I will be sure to use hand gel on my hands.” ANS: C Each infectious disease has a specific mode of transmission—a component of the chain of infection. Rocky Mountain spotted fever is caused by bacteria transmitted by the bite of ticks. Wearing a repellent that is designed for repelling ticks, mosquitoes, and other insects can help in preventing transmission of this disease. Drinking plenty of uncontaminated water, wearing sunscreen, and using alcohol-based hand gels for cleaning hands are all important activities to participate in while camping, but they do not contribute to or prevent transmission of this disease. DIF: Understand REF: 399-401 OBJ: Explain the relationship between the chain of infection and transmission of infection. TOP: Evaluation MSC: Safe and Effective Care Environment