Chapter 1
C++ Basics
Key Terms
functions
program
int main()
return 0
identifier
case-sensitive
keyword or reserved word
declare
floating-point number
unsigned
assignment statement
uninitialized variable
assigning int values to double variables
mixing types
integers and Booleans
literal constant
scientific notation or floating-point notation
quotes
C-string
string
escape sequence
,const
modifier
declared constant
mixing types
precedence rules
integer division
the % operator
negative integers in division
type cast
type coercion
increment operator
decrement operator
v++ versus ++v
cout
expression in a cout statement
spaces in output
newline character
deciding between \n and endl
format for double values
magic formula
outputting money amounts
cerr
cin
how cin works
separate numbers with spaces
when to comment
,#include,
preprocessor
namespace
using namespace
Brief Outline
1.1 Introduction to C++
Origins of the C++ Language
C++ and Object-Oriented Programming
The Character of C++
C++ Terminology
A Sample C++ Program
1.2 Variables, Expressions, and Assignment Statements
Identifiers
Variables
Assignment Statements
More Assignment Statements
Assignment Compatibility
Literals
Escape Sequences
Naming Constants
Introduction to the string class
Arithmetic Operators and Expressions
Integer and Floating-Point Division
Type Casting
Increment and Decrement Operators
, 1.3 Console Input/Output
Output Using cout
New Lines in Output
Formatting for Numbers with a Decimal Point
Output with cerr
Input Using cin
1.4 Program Style
Comments
1.5 Libraries and Namespaces
Libraries and include Directives
Namespaces
1. Introduction and Teaching Suggestions
This chapter introduces the students to the history of the C++ language and begins to tell
them about what types of programs can be written in C++ as well as the basic structure of a
C++ program. During the discussions on compilation and running a program, care should
be taken to explain the process on the particular computer system that the students will be
using, as different computing/development environments will each have their own specific
directions that will need to be followed. In the development of this instructor’s manual, a
majority of the programs have been compiled using g++ 4.0.2 on Ubuntu Linux, g++ 3.4 on
cygwin, and Visual Studio .NET 2008 using Windows Vista. There are significant differences
between the development environments and sometimes on the compilers as well. Anyone
that is still using Visual Studio 6 is strongly recommended to upgrade to the latest patch
level, as the original compiler contained many errors that will prevent programs in this
book from compiling.
C++ Basics
Key Terms
functions
program
int main()
return 0
identifier
case-sensitive
keyword or reserved word
declare
floating-point number
unsigned
assignment statement
uninitialized variable
assigning int values to double variables
mixing types
integers and Booleans
literal constant
scientific notation or floating-point notation
quotes
C-string
string
escape sequence
,const
modifier
declared constant
mixing types
precedence rules
integer division
the % operator
negative integers in division
type cast
type coercion
increment operator
decrement operator
v++ versus ++v
cout
expression in a cout statement
spaces in output
newline character
deciding between \n and endl
format for double values
magic formula
outputting money amounts
cerr
cin
how cin works
separate numbers with spaces
when to comment
,#include,
preprocessor
namespace
using namespace
Brief Outline
1.1 Introduction to C++
Origins of the C++ Language
C++ and Object-Oriented Programming
The Character of C++
C++ Terminology
A Sample C++ Program
1.2 Variables, Expressions, and Assignment Statements
Identifiers
Variables
Assignment Statements
More Assignment Statements
Assignment Compatibility
Literals
Escape Sequences
Naming Constants
Introduction to the string class
Arithmetic Operators and Expressions
Integer and Floating-Point Division
Type Casting
Increment and Decrement Operators
, 1.3 Console Input/Output
Output Using cout
New Lines in Output
Formatting for Numbers with a Decimal Point
Output with cerr
Input Using cin
1.4 Program Style
Comments
1.5 Libraries and Namespaces
Libraries and include Directives
Namespaces
1. Introduction and Teaching Suggestions
This chapter introduces the students to the history of the C++ language and begins to tell
them about what types of programs can be written in C++ as well as the basic structure of a
C++ program. During the discussions on compilation and running a program, care should
be taken to explain the process on the particular computer system that the students will be
using, as different computing/development environments will each have their own specific
directions that will need to be followed. In the development of this instructor’s manual, a
majority of the programs have been compiled using g++ 4.0.2 on Ubuntu Linux, g++ 3.4 on
cygwin, and Visual Studio .NET 2008 using Windows Vista. There are significant differences
between the development environments and sometimes on the compilers as well. Anyone
that is still using Visual Studio 6 is strongly recommended to upgrade to the latest patch
level, as the original compiler contained many errors that will prevent programs in this
book from compiling.
