NR599 Informatics Midterm Review Sheet

Informatics Midterm Review Sheet 1. General principles of Nursing Informatics: 2. Knowledge o Awareness and understanding of a set of information and ways that information can be made useful to support a specific task or arrive at a decision. This knowledge building is an ongoing process engaged in while a person is conscious and going about his or her normal daily activities. 3. Wisdom:  Knowledge applied in a practical way or translated into actions; the use of knowledge and experience to heighten common sense and insight so as to exercise sound judgment in practical matters. Sometimes thought of as the highest form of common sense, resulting from accumulated knowledge or erudition (deep, thorough learning) or enlightenment (education that results in understanding and the dissemination of knowledge). Wisdom is the ability to apply valuable and viable knowledge, experience, understanding, and insight while being prudent and sensible. It is focused on our own minds; it is the synthesis of our experience, insight, understanding, and knowledge. Wisdom is the appropriate use of knowledge to solve human problems. It is knowing when and how to apply knowledge. 4. Scientific Underpinning:  The scientific underpinnings of practice provide the basis of knowledge for advanced nursing practice. These scientific underpinnings include sciences such as biology, physiology, psychology, ethics, and nursing.  Nursing science, information science, and computer science 5. The Foundation of Knowledge Model  The Foundation of Knowledge model is also introduced as the organizing conceptual framework of this text, and the model is tied to nursing science and the practice of nursing informatics. 6. Computer science: o Branch of engineering (application of science) that studies the theoretical foundations of information and computation and their implementation and application in computer systems. The study of storage/memory, conversion and transformation, and transfer or transmission of information in machines— that is, computers—through both algorithms and practical implementation problems. Algorithms are detailed, unambiguous action sequences in the design, efficiency, and application of computer systems, whereas practical implementation problems deal with the software and hardware.  7. Cognitive science: o Interdisciplinary field that studies the mind, intelligence, and behavior from an information processing perspective. 8. Information science o Information science enables the processing of information. This processing links people and technology. Humans are organic ISs, constantly acquiring, processing, and generating information or knowledge in their professional and personal lives. This high degree of knowledge, in fact, characterizes humans as extremely intelligent organic machines. The premise of this text revolves around this concept, and the text is organized on the basis of the Foundation of Knowledge model: knowledge acquisition, knowledge processing, knowledge generation, and knowledge dissemination.  9. Standard Terminology: o Standardized terminologies (STs) contribute to the development of knowledge because they ensure that all professionals share the same understanding or meaning of a given concept, to clarify communication, facilitate research, and provide structure for decision support tools and EHRs. As you look at the Foundation of Knowledge model, STs support knowledge acquisition, dissemination, generation, and processing. o STs are structured, controlled languages developed to represent concepts in a given domain in a clear, unambiguous fashion that conveys the exact same meaning for data, information, and knowledge across settings, regions, and even different countries. This consistency affords access to information and knowledge when it is needed without regard to the current model or period of care. STs are key to the development of an EHR in order to represent, communicate, exchange, reuse, and report data, information, and knowledge, including Meaningful Use criteria (Matney & Lundberg, 2013). 10.Informatics Competencies:  A set of essential skills related to informatics deemed appropriate for various levels of nursing practice.  One challenge that has been identified in the literature and continues to plague health care is the vast differences in computer literacy and information management skills that healthcare workers possess (Gassert, 2008; McNeil, Elfrink, Beyea, Pierce, & Bickford, 2006; Topkaya & Kaya, 2014). Gassert (2008) felt that new graduates were not adequately literate. Barton (2005) believed that new nurses should have the following critical skills: use e-mail, operate Windows applications, search databases, and know how to work with the institution-specific nursing software used for charting and medication administration. These skills should not be limited to just new nurses, but instead should be required of all nurses and healthcare workers.  Staggers, Gassert, and Curran (2001) advocated that nursing students and practicing nurses should be educated on core NI competencies. Although information technology and informatics concepts certainly need to be incorporated into nursing school curricula, progress in this area has been