NURS 6550 Midterm Review

NURS 6550 Midterm Review 1. The least worrisome type of fluid seen as a result of pleural fluid analysis - Transudate pleural fluid 2. What test should be ordered to confirm a suspected ascending aortic aneurysm? - CT Scan with contrast 3. Name risk factors for long-term care placement for the elderly population. - Male gender 80 y.o.+ Living Alone bowel/bladder incontinence Hx of falls dysfunctional coping Intellectual impairment 4. A patient with anterior epistaxis has been treated with direct pressure for 20 minutes. What are expected findings when the patient is instructed to gently blow their nose? - Successful treatment will be indicated by dark residual blood or clots being discharged from the nose. 5. If bleeding has not stopped you will see a bright red steady trickle of blood requiring more invasive measures. 6. What is the most common organism in treating otitis media, bacterial sinusitis, bacterial pharyngitis, AND community-acquired pneumonia? - Streptococcus pneumoniae 7. What is the greatest risk factor for vascular dementia? - Vascular diseases that result in target organ damage such as: hypertension dyslipidemia diabetes 8. Hypertensive urgency vs emergency - - Hypertensive urgency: BP 200/120 w/o sx; Tx with PO furosemide, clonidine or captopril - Hypertensive emergency: BP 200/120 WITH sx or evidence of end organ damage; Tx with IV nitroprusside, labetalol or nicardipine *Both req immediate treatment 9. What annual lab testing should be done for patients taking atypical antipsychotics? - Lipid Panel 10. Name some atypical antipsychotics - OLAnzapine CLOZapine QUETIapine RISPERidone Aripiprazole Ziprasidone "It's ATYPICAL for OLd CLOSets to QUIETly RISPER from A to Z" 11. If you are treating a car mechanic for a possible eye injury what test would you avoid? - MRI possible metal in eye 12. What is the least invasive approach to rule out a pulmonary embolus? - D-dimer 13. When treating a patient with an unfractionated heparin infusion, what would you monitor for (to avoid a fatal complication) ? - Heparin-induced Thrombocytopenia (HIT). aka monitor for low platelets. d/c heparin and intiate thrombin inhibitors! 14. What symptom differentiates vertigo from near-syncope and ataxia? - When the primary symptom identified is a sense of spinning this means vertigo and is usually an inner ear problem. Ataxia is neurological near-syncope may be cardiac, neuro or both. 15. When a patient is concerned about a family member not supporting wishes in end-of-life care, what legal document should be used? - advanced directive