BIOS 242 Week 4 Midterm Study Guide: Summer 2021
Midterm
Microbiology:
• Specialized area of biology that studies living things too small
to be seen without magnification
5 Groups of microorganisms:
1. Bacteria
2. Viruses
3. Protozoa
4. Helminths tapeworms, round worm, flukes
5. Fungi
Eukaryotes:
• HAS nucleus
• Fungi, protozoa, algae
Prokaryotes:
• NO nucleus
• Bacteria and archaea
Bacteria is Ubiquitous: present everywhere at the same time
Decomposition:
• The breakdown of dead matter accomplished by bacteria and fungi
Louis Pasture:
• Invented pasteurization High heat to get rid of most bacteria Beer, Wine, Cheese
• Proved spontaneous generation FALSE and proved biogenesis TRUE
• Showed that human disease can arise from infection
Koch’s Postulate KNOW THIS FOR ESSAY QUESTION
• Koch Linked specific organism with specific disease
• Leuwenhoek founded the microscope which helped him look at the organisms
• Pasture-
Types of microscopes:
1. Compound microscope: learning and research we use these in lab
2. Scanning Electron Microscope SEM: 3D look at surface of a cell membrane and morphology
3. Transmission Electron Microscope TEM: 2D high magnification to see internal structures of sample
5 I’s
1. Inoculation
2. Incubation
3. Isolation
4. Inspection
5. Identification
Selective Media:
• Nutrient media designed to favor growth of certain microbes and keep out unwanted competitors
Differential Media:
• Allows multiple types of organisms to grow but are designed to visibly display the differences
between specimens
Viruses:
Midterm
Microbiology:
• Specialized area of biology that studies living things too small
to be seen without magnification
5 Groups of microorganisms:
1. Bacteria
2. Viruses
3. Protozoa
4. Helminths tapeworms, round worm, flukes
5. Fungi
Eukaryotes:
• HAS nucleus
• Fungi, protozoa, algae
Prokaryotes:
• NO nucleus
• Bacteria and archaea
Bacteria is Ubiquitous: present everywhere at the same time
Decomposition:
• The breakdown of dead matter accomplished by bacteria and fungi
Louis Pasture:
• Invented pasteurization High heat to get rid of most bacteria Beer, Wine, Cheese
• Proved spontaneous generation FALSE and proved biogenesis TRUE
• Showed that human disease can arise from infection
Koch’s Postulate KNOW THIS FOR ESSAY QUESTION
• Koch Linked specific organism with specific disease
• Leuwenhoek founded the microscope which helped him look at the organisms
• Pasture-
Types of microscopes:
1. Compound microscope: learning and research we use these in lab
2. Scanning Electron Microscope SEM: 3D look at surface of a cell membrane and morphology
3. Transmission Electron Microscope TEM: 2D high magnification to see internal structures of sample
5 I’s
1. Inoculation
2. Incubation
3. Isolation
4. Inspection
5. Identification
Selective Media:
• Nutrient media designed to favor growth of certain microbes and keep out unwanted competitors
Differential Media:
• Allows multiple types of organisms to grow but are designed to visibly display the differences
between specimens
Viruses:
