TEAS Science Study Guide

• Mitosis = “daughter cell” exact replica o Interphase (G1, S, G2) o Prophase o Metaphase o Anaphase o Telophase o Cytokinesis • Meiosis = “daughter cells” different genetic coding o Only happens in gametes* o 1st phase • chromosomes cross over • genetic material exchanged • tetrads of 4 chromatids formed  Homologous pairs of chromatids are separated and go to different poles 2 cells go through 2nd cell division  4 daughter cells with different sets of chromosomes • Haploid : contains half genetic material of parent cell • Zygote- controls cell differentiation Tissues  groups of cells  Muscle, nerve, epithelial, connective 1. Epithelial: (joined together tightly) ex. Skin 2. Connective: (dense, loose, or fatty) ex. Bone tissue, cartilage, tendons, ligaments, fat, blood, lymph Protects & binds body parts a. Cartilage: cushions & provides structural support i. Fibrous b. Blood: transports oxygen to cells & removes waste / ALSO carries hormones & defends against disease c. Bone: (hard) produces red blood cells 3. Muscle: Support & move body a. Smooth b. Cardiac c. Skeletal 4. Nervous: ex. Brain, spinal cord, & nerves a. Neurons- control responses to changes in environment Organs  groups of tissues ex. Heart = muscle tissue in myocardium; connective tissue in blood; nervous tissue for heart rate; epithelial tissue in membranes Organ Systems  groups of organs