1
NCLEX RN STUDY GUIDE.
Evaluate
Assess
Teach
Don’t delegate Unstable patients
Initial Assessment, Teaching, IV drips, Evaluations only RN
AIRBORNE TRANSMISSION-BASED PRECAUTIONS: MTV
Measles
TB
Varicella-Chicken Pox/Herpes Zoster-Shingles
Private Room: Negative pressure with 6-12 air exchanges/hr
Mask: N95 for TB
DROPLET TRANSMISSION-BASED PRECAUTIONS: Think of SPIDERMAN!
Sepsis
Scarlet fever
Streptococcal Pharyngitis (Streptococcus group A/ Strep Throat): Can Lead to Glomerulonephritis & Rheumatic
Parvovirus B19 Fever.
Pneumonia
Pertussis
1
,1
Influenza/ Haemophilus influenza type B
Diphtheria (Pharyngeal): Serious bacterial infection.
Epiglottitis: Medial Emergency! No Throat
Inspection. Rubella/ German measles
2
,2
1
Mumps NCLEX RN STUDY GUIDE
Meningitis/ Neisseria
Meningitidis
Mycoplasma/ Meningeal Pneumonia
An - Adenovirus
Private Room or Cohort Surgical mask PRN for
Procedures Mask 3ft Distance
CONTACT PRECAUTION TRANSMISSION-BASED PRECAUTIONS: MRS.WEE
Multidrug resistant organism/ MRSA/ VRE
Respiratory infection
Skin infections
Wound infection
Enteric infection - Clostridium Difficile
Eye infection – Conjunctivitis
*MRSA - Contact precaution ONLY. Use Chlorhexidine Wipe!
*VRSA - Contact & Airborne precaution (Private room, door closed, negative pressure)
*SARS (Severe Acute Resp Syndrome) Airborne & Contact (just like Varicella)
SKIN INFECTIONS- VCHIPS- CONTACT
Varicella Zoster
Cutaneous Diphtheria (Bacteria Infection in the Wound)
Herpes Simplex
Impetigo (Bacterial Skin Infection)
Pediculosis (Lice)
Scabies (Itchy Skin condition. Burrowing Trail of the Scabies Mite)
Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS): Viral respiratory illness caused by Coronavirus (MERS-CoV).
3
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NCLEX RN STUDY GUIDE
/S: Fever, Cough, SOB, and Death. The Incubation Period is 5-6 days but can range from 2-14 days.
CDC: Standard (Gloves), Contact (Gown), Eye Protection (Goggles), Airborne Precautions (N95)
Negative room: Negative disease (TB, Disseminated Herpes Zoster)
Positive room: Protect the Patient (HIV, Cancer)
Addison’s= hyponatremia, hypotension, decreased blood vol, hypoglycemia, hyperKalemia, HyperCalcemia.
Cushing’s= HyperNatremia, HyperTension, Incr. Blood Vol, HyperGlycemia, hypokalemia, hypocalcemia.
Managing Stress in a patient with Adrenal Insufficiency (Addison’s) is paramount, because if the Adrenal
glands are stressed further it could result in Addisonian Crisis.
Addison’s: Remember BP is the most Important assessment parameter, as it causes Severe Hypotension.
Addison’s: (need to "add" hormone): Hypoglycemia, Dark pigmentation, Decr. Resistance to Stress, fractures,
Alopecia, Weight Loss, GI distress. Vitiligo. Mood swings (Normal)
Need to Report S/S of Infection/ Fever (Addisonian Crisis)
Tx: Mineral Corticoids.
Addisonian Crisis: Hypoglycemia, Confusion, n/v, Abd Pain, Extreme Weakness, Dehydration, Decr. BP.
Cushings: (have extra "Cushion" of Hormones): Hyperglycemia, prone to Infection, Muscle Wasting,
Weakness, Edema, HTN, Hirsutism, Moonfaced/Buffalo Hump
Cause: Excessive production of Corticotropin (Hyperplasia of the Adrenal Cortex) & Cortisol-secreting
Adrenal Tumor.
Prednisone Toxicity: Cushing’s syndrome- Buffalo Hump, Moon face, Hyperglycemia, Hypertension.
Acetaminophen: 10-20. Max 4000mg per day.
Acetaminophen Poisoning: Possible Liver Failure for about 4 days. Close observation required.
Tx: (Antidote) n-AcetylCysteine/Mucomyst
4
NCLEX RN STUDY GUIDE.
Evaluate
Assess
Teach
Don’t delegate Unstable patients
Initial Assessment, Teaching, IV drips, Evaluations only RN
AIRBORNE TRANSMISSION-BASED PRECAUTIONS: MTV
Measles
TB
Varicella-Chicken Pox/Herpes Zoster-Shingles
Private Room: Negative pressure with 6-12 air exchanges/hr
Mask: N95 for TB
DROPLET TRANSMISSION-BASED PRECAUTIONS: Think of SPIDERMAN!
Sepsis
Scarlet fever
Streptococcal Pharyngitis (Streptococcus group A/ Strep Throat): Can Lead to Glomerulonephritis & Rheumatic
Parvovirus B19 Fever.
Pneumonia
Pertussis
1
,1
Influenza/ Haemophilus influenza type B
Diphtheria (Pharyngeal): Serious bacterial infection.
Epiglottitis: Medial Emergency! No Throat
Inspection. Rubella/ German measles
2
,2
1
Mumps NCLEX RN STUDY GUIDE
Meningitis/ Neisseria
Meningitidis
Mycoplasma/ Meningeal Pneumonia
An - Adenovirus
Private Room or Cohort Surgical mask PRN for
Procedures Mask 3ft Distance
CONTACT PRECAUTION TRANSMISSION-BASED PRECAUTIONS: MRS.WEE
Multidrug resistant organism/ MRSA/ VRE
Respiratory infection
Skin infections
Wound infection
Enteric infection - Clostridium Difficile
Eye infection – Conjunctivitis
*MRSA - Contact precaution ONLY. Use Chlorhexidine Wipe!
*VRSA - Contact & Airborne precaution (Private room, door closed, negative pressure)
*SARS (Severe Acute Resp Syndrome) Airborne & Contact (just like Varicella)
SKIN INFECTIONS- VCHIPS- CONTACT
Varicella Zoster
Cutaneous Diphtheria (Bacteria Infection in the Wound)
Herpes Simplex
Impetigo (Bacterial Skin Infection)
Pediculosis (Lice)
Scabies (Itchy Skin condition. Burrowing Trail of the Scabies Mite)
Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS): Viral respiratory illness caused by Coronavirus (MERS-CoV).
3
, 12
NCLEX RN STUDY GUIDE
/S: Fever, Cough, SOB, and Death. The Incubation Period is 5-6 days but can range from 2-14 days.
CDC: Standard (Gloves), Contact (Gown), Eye Protection (Goggles), Airborne Precautions (N95)
Negative room: Negative disease (TB, Disseminated Herpes Zoster)
Positive room: Protect the Patient (HIV, Cancer)
Addison’s= hyponatremia, hypotension, decreased blood vol, hypoglycemia, hyperKalemia, HyperCalcemia.
Cushing’s= HyperNatremia, HyperTension, Incr. Blood Vol, HyperGlycemia, hypokalemia, hypocalcemia.
Managing Stress in a patient with Adrenal Insufficiency (Addison’s) is paramount, because if the Adrenal
glands are stressed further it could result in Addisonian Crisis.
Addison’s: Remember BP is the most Important assessment parameter, as it causes Severe Hypotension.
Addison’s: (need to "add" hormone): Hypoglycemia, Dark pigmentation, Decr. Resistance to Stress, fractures,
Alopecia, Weight Loss, GI distress. Vitiligo. Mood swings (Normal)
Need to Report S/S of Infection/ Fever (Addisonian Crisis)
Tx: Mineral Corticoids.
Addisonian Crisis: Hypoglycemia, Confusion, n/v, Abd Pain, Extreme Weakness, Dehydration, Decr. BP.
Cushings: (have extra "Cushion" of Hormones): Hyperglycemia, prone to Infection, Muscle Wasting,
Weakness, Edema, HTN, Hirsutism, Moonfaced/Buffalo Hump
Cause: Excessive production of Corticotropin (Hyperplasia of the Adrenal Cortex) & Cortisol-secreting
Adrenal Tumor.
Prednisone Toxicity: Cushing’s syndrome- Buffalo Hump, Moon face, Hyperglycemia, Hypertension.
Acetaminophen: 10-20. Max 4000mg per day.
Acetaminophen Poisoning: Possible Liver Failure for about 4 days. Close observation required.
Tx: (Antidote) n-AcetylCysteine/Mucomyst
4
