Nr 325 Adult Health 2 Rok 3 | Latest Update

NR325 ROK Exam 3 1 NR 325 ADULT HEALTH 2 ROK 3 Breast Cancer • Improved survival rate is an outcome of early detection, accurate diagnosis, and timely treatment. • Screening for the early detection of breast cancer includes: • Yearly mammograms starting at age 40 and continuing for as long as a woman is in good health. • Clinical breast examination (CBE) at least every 3 years for women between ages 20 and 30 and every year for women beginning at age 40. • Report any breast changes promptly (nipple discharge, lump) to health care provider. • Cause unknown, but many risk factors influence development: o Female gender and white/Caucasian race o Family history of mother or sister with breast cancer o Medical history of cancer of other breast, endometrial cancer, or atypical hyperplasia o Menarche before age 12 (early) or menopause after age 50 (late) o First birth after 30 years of age, oral contraceptive use (early or prolonged), prolonged use of estrogen replacement therapy o Lifestyle factors: high-fat diet, obesity, high socioeconomic status, breast trauma, smoking, ingesting more than 2 alcoholic drinks daily o Exposure to radiation through chest X-ray, fluoroscopy • Begins as single transformed cell and is hormone-dependent. Does not develop in women without functioning ovaries who never received hormone replacement therapy. • Most often occurs in ductal areas of breasts • 70% of clients with Stage I tumors survive for 10yrs w/ therapy Breast self-examination • BSE useful technique helps women become self-aware of how their breasts normally look and feel • Start BSE at age 20 on a monthly schedule o Women w/ regular menses perform BSE right after period when breasts are less lumpy and tender. o If menses are irregular, advise choosing the same day each month. o For women taking oral contraceptives the first day of a new package may be a helpful reminder. o Postmenopausal women and women w/ hysterectomies often use the monthly date of a birthday or the first day of the month. • Teach info r/t potential benefits, limitations, and harm (chance of a false-positive test result) • Allow time for questions about procedure and a return demonstration