Summary for ENG1502 exams

Spelling and sound: Homophone Each of two or more words having the same pronunciation but different meanings, origins, or spelling (e.g. new and knew, hour and our, bear (animal) and bare (naked) and bear (tolerate)). Homonyms Each of two or more words having the same spelling or pronunciation but different meanings and origins (e.g. pole1 and pole2). Heteronyms Each of two or more words which are spelled identically but have different sounds and meanings, such as tear meaning ‘rip’ and tear meaning ‘liquid from the eye’ Each of two or more words which are used to refer to the identical thing in different geographical areas of a speech community, such as nappy and diaper. Homographs Each of two or more words spelled the same but not necessarily pronounced the same and having different meanings and origins (e.g. bow1 and bow2). Synonyms Different words = similar meaning. Questionable and arguable and debatable, Pronunciation Pronunciation refers to the manner in which words are spoken. The sounds in the English language are represented by letters, we call these letters phonemes. Articulation Articulatory phonetics refers to production of sounds by the movement of air in the vocal tract. Yesterday I asked you to name the areas in the vocal tract responsible for sound productions. Manners of articulation with regard to consonants The areas that is responsible for consonant sounds. Consonant sounds are produced when restriction or closure occurs in the vocal tract. The flow can be limited. They are classified according to the position of air flow. Movement of the lips and tongue make these restrictions, the oral cavity is thus reshaped to make the various sounds. ..........................................CONTINUED..................................