Study Material Test Bank - Current Edition Solutions

Study Material Test Bank - Current Edition Solutions Nurse- physiologist - answer - is to relate normal body functioning to the physiologic changes that participate in disease production and occur as a result of disease, as well as the body's ability to compensate for these changes. Pathophysiology - answer - the physiology of altered health Pathology - answer - study of structural and functional changes in cells, tissues, and organs of the body that cause or are caused by disease Physiology - answer - the functions of the human body Disease - answer - interruption, cessation, or disorder of a body system or organ structure that is characterized usually buy a recognized etiologic agent or agents, an identifiable group of signs and symptoms, or consistent anatomic alterations. Etiology - answer - cause of disease Examples of etiologic factors - answer - -biologic agents (bacteria, viruses) -physical factors (trauma, burns, radiation) -chemical agents -nutritional excesses or deficits Congenital condition - answer - defects that are present at birth Examples of congenital conditions - answer - -genetic influences -environmental factors (viral infections in mom, maternal drug use, irradiation, intrauterine crowding) Acquired defects - answer - caused by events after birth Pathogenesis - answer - sequence of cellular and tissue events that take place from the time of initial contact with an etiologic agent until the ultimate expression of the disease Morphology - answer - fundamental structure or form of cells or tissues (gross anatomic and microscopic) Histology - answer - The study of the cells and extracellular matrix of body tissues. Lesion - answer - a pathologic change of the tissues due to disease or injury Symptom - answer - An indication of a problem, usually a complaint Sign - answer - manifestation that is noted by an observer Syndrome - answer - A compilation of signs and symptoms that are characteristic of a specific disease state. Complications - answer - adverse extensions of a disease or outcomes from treatment Sequelae - answer - lesions or impairments that follow or are caused by a disease Diagnosis - answer - designation as to the nature or cause of a health problem Validity - answer - the extent to which a test measures or predicts what it is supposed to Reliability - answer - the extent to which an observation gives the same result Standardization - answer - increasing the trueness and reliability of measured values Sensitivity - answer - the proportion of people without the disease who are negative on a given test or observation (a true-negative" result) Predictive value - answer - an observation or test result is able to predict the presence of a given disease or condition Positive predictive value - answer - proportion of true-positive results that occurs in a given population Negative predictive value - answer - true-negative observations in a population Clinical course - answer - evolution of a disease Acute disorder - answer - relatively severe, but self-limiting Chronic disease - answer - continuous, long term process Subacute disease - answer - intermediate between acute and chronic Clinical disease - answer - manifested by signs and symptoms Subclinical disease - answer - not clinically apparent and is not destined to become clinically apparent Carrier status - answer - an individual who harbors an organism but is not infected Epidemiology - answer - Study of disease occurrence in human population patterns such as age, race, dietary habits, lifestyle, geographical location, disorders Epidemiologic methods determine how: - answer - -a disease is spread -how to control it -how to prevent it -how to eliminate it Disease case - answer - existing case or the number of new episodes of a particular illness that are diagnosed within a given period Incidece - answer - number of new cases arising in a population at risk during a specific time Prevalence - answer - measure