Pharm 1000 midterm

Canadian Food and Drug Act Controlled Drugs and Substances Act onset of drug Primary piece of legislation governing foods, drugs, cosmetics, and medical devices •According to the Act, drugs must comply with official prescribed standards •Recognized formularies •Various schedules provides requirements for the control and sale of narcotics, controlled drugs, and substances of misuse-replaced narcotic act in 1997 duration of time it takes for a drug's effects to come to prominence upon administration Peak of drug The time it takes for a drug to reach its maximum therapeutic response duration of drug the length of time the drug has a pharmacologic effect enteral route the drug is absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. These include the sublingual, buccal, oral, and rectal routes. Sublingual or buccal drug is placed under tongue orient cheeks and is absorbed through oral mucosa Parenteral outside of intestines or alimentary canal; popularly used to refer to injection routes Parenteral routes of administration intradermal, subcutaneous, intramuscular, intravenous Medication Rights Right medication, right route, right dose, right time, right person, right information, right to refuse medication, right documentation Empiric therapy treatment of an infection before specific culture information has been reported or obtained Definitive therapy antibiotic therapy tailored to treat organism identified with cultures Prophylactic Therapy treatment with antibiotics to prevent an infection, as in intraabdominal surgery or after trauma When considering the various routes of elimination of a drug, what priority body systems should the nurse monitor to ensure excretion is occuring? a. kidney tubules and skin b. skin and lungs c. bowel and kidney tubulues and g.i tract c- bowel and kidney tubules Which of the following drug effects may be a result of excessive dosages, poor circulation, faulty metabolism or inadequate doses? a. tolerance b. cumulative effect c. Incompatibility d. antagonistic effect b. cumulative effect Which of the following defines a drugs half-life? a. amount of time required for 50% of a drug to be absorbed by the body b. the amount of time a drug needs to reach a therapeutic level c. the strength of drug required to exert a therapeutic response d. the amount of time required for 50% of the drug to be eliminated by the body d. the amount of time required for 50% of the drug to be eliminated by the body which route of administration should the nurse know will be altered by the first-pass effect? a. oral b. sublingual c. subcutaneous d. intravenous a. oral if a drug binds w/ an enzyme and prevents the enzyme from binding to its normal target cell, it will produce an effect known as: a. receptor interaction b. enzyme stimulation c. enzyme interaction d. nonspecific interaction c. enzyme interaction What does it mean when a drug can have a low therapeutic index? a. the difference between a therapeutic dose and a toxic dose is large b. the difference between a therapeutic dose and a toxic dose is small c. the dose needed to reach a therapeutic level is small d. the drug has only a slight chance of being effective b. the difference between a therapeutic dose and a toxic dose is small A patient has started a new med w/ a low therapeutic index. What is the most appropriate action for the nurse to follow to monitor trough level? a. obtain the pt's blood sample immediately after the next med dose b. draw blood samples from the pt's arterial blood flow c. obtain the pt's blood sample just before the next medication dose d. draw blood samples from the pt's venous flo