CPCE Practice Test Exam - Full Answer Key Verified

CPCE Practice Test Exam - Full Answer Key Verified Reaction formation - answer - Defense mechanism; expressing an impulse in a way that is opposite the original intent Phallic stage - answer - 3-5years; Oedipal/Electra complexes Disproportionality - answer - Treating some school-aged children differently than others by deferring them to special ed/disciplinary procedures Freud's stages of development - answer - Oral, anal (2-3), phallic (3-5), latency (6-12), genital Variable interval - answer - Reinforce, on average, after every x minutes Emic - answer - Belief that one needs to understand and help groups from their perspectives Erickson - answer - Eight stages of psychosocial crisis: trust vs. mistrust; autonomy vs shame/doubt; initiative vs guilt; industry vs. inferiority; identity vs role confusion; intimacy vs isolation; generativity vs stagnation; integrity vs despair Conventional morality - answer - Stage 3- interpersonal acceptance, approval of others Stage 4- conformity to legitimate authorities Trust vs mistrust - answer - Birth - 1.5 years; hope; infant develops trust if basic needs are met Etic - answer - The belief that people are more similar than different Postconventional morality - answer - Stage 5- social contracts; values and rules are relative Stage 6- universal ethical principles; self chosen orientation Brofenbrenner - answer - Ecological approach to the study of human development; important to look at all levels and systems affecting a person Racial/cultural identity model - answer - Conformity, dissonance, resistance and immersion, introspection, integrative awareness Fixed interval - answer - Reinforce after a fixed period of time Albert Bandura - answer - Social learning theory; self efficacy; modeling Conformity - answer - Racial/cultural; self depreciations and identification with the majority Dissonance - answer - Racial/cultural; current self concept challenged; conflict between appreciating and depreciating self Self efficacy - answer - The belief that we can perform some behavior or task Variable ratio - answer - Reinforce, on average, after every x responses Fixed ratio - answer - Reinforce after a fixed number of responses William Perry - answer - Scheme for intellectual and ethical development Autonomy vs shame and doubt - answer - 1.5-3years; will/sense of self; infant asserts self and develops independence if allowed Resistance and immersion - answer - Racial/cultural; individual accepts minority view and rejects the majority Introspection - answer - Racial/cultural; individual becomes concerns with the basics of self appreciating Law of effect - answer - Thorndike; when a stimulus response connection is followed by a reward, that connection is strengthened Havighurst - answer - Stages of growth Hierarchy of needs - answer - People are motivated to higher order needs; food and water security belonging self esteem self actualization Nancy Chodorow - answer - First to speak out against the masculine biases found in psychoanalytic theory Judith Jordan - answer - Self-in-relation theory Self-in-relation theory - answer - Goals of development involve the ability to name and resist disconnections, sources of oppression, and obstacles to mutual relationships Propinquity - answer - Concept that implies nearness or proximity Initiative vs guilt - answer - 3-6years; purpose/goal setting; children meet challenges, assume responsibility, and identify rights of others Industry vs inferiority - answer - 6-11years; competence; children master social and academic skills or feel inferior Identity vs role confusion - answer - Adolescence; fidelity/ ability to commit; individual establishes social and vocational roles or is confused about adult roles Intimacy vs isolation - answer - Early adulthood; love; young adult seeks intimate relationships or fears giving up independence and becoming lonely/isolated Generativity vs stagnation - answer - Middle adulthood; car