Study Guide Test Bank Resource - Real Exam Solutions

Study Guide Test Bank Resource - Real Exam Solutions Classification of Matter - answer - Divides Metals and Nonmetals Atoms - answer - Individual Units of Substances Molecules - answer - Composed of two or more atoms bound together in a discrete arrangement. Chemical Formula - answer - Shows the type and number of each element present in a compound. Pure Substances - answer - Single chemical substance with the same composition throughout. Mixtures - answer - Combination of two or more elements or compounds that can be separated by physical processes. Compounds - answer - Two or more elements bound together that can be broken into simpler substances via chemical changes. Elements - answer - Simplest type of matter made up of only one type of atom. Homogeneous Mixture - answer - A mixture that has a uniform composition throughout. Heterogeneous Mixture - answer - A mixture that has a non-uniform composition. Filtration - answer - A process in which a mixture is poured through filter paper in a funnel to separate an insoluble solid from a liquid. Physical Properties - answer - Can be observed without changing the identity of a substance. Chemical Properties - answer - Describe how a substance transforms into other substances; how it reacts. Intensive Properties - answer - Properties that do not depend on the amount of substance, such as smell, color, temperature, and density. Extensive Properties - answer - Properties that depend on the amount of substance, such as mass and volume. Physical Change - answer - The atoms or molecules that compose a substance do not change their identity. Chemical Change - answer - A process where a substance transforms into a different substance. Metric System - answer - A system of measurement that includes units such as meter, kilogram, and liter. Volume - answer - A three-dimensional measure of the space occupied by matter. Length - answer - Measured in units such as meters, feet, and inches. Mass - answer - A measure of the quantity of matter within an object. SI Base Units - answer - Standard units of measurement in the metric system. Prefixes in Metric System - answer - Applied to metric units to change the meaning by powers of 10. Cubic Centimeters - answer - Common unit for measuring volume, equivalent to centimeters cubed (cm³). Chemical Composition - answer - The types and amounts of elements that make up a substance. Chemical Reactivity - answer - Describes how a substance reacts with other substances. Temperature - answer - Measured in units such as Celsius, Fahrenheit, or Kelvin. Ampere - answer - Unit of electric current. Candela - answer - Unit of luminous intensity. Kilogram - answer - SI unit of mass, equivalent to 2.205 lb. Weight - answer - Force due to gravity on an object. Density - answer - Mass per unit volume of a substance. Density of Copper - answer - 8.94 g/cm³, indicating its mass and volume. Density of Water - answer - 1.00 g/mL, standard for density comparisons. Density of Benzene - answer - 0.8786 g/mL, used for mass calculations. Density of Silver - answer - 10.5 g/cm³, used to determine volume. Density of Gold - answer - 19.32 g/cm³, used to identify materials. Significant Figures - answer - Digits in a measurement indicating precision. Precision - answer - Closeness of repeated measurements to each other. Accuracy - answer - Proximity of measurement to the true value. Multiplication Rule - answer - Result carries fewest significant figures from factors. Addition Rule - answer - Result carries decimal places of least precise value. Rounding Rules - answer - Round down if 5, up if ≥5. Dimensional Analysis - answer - Method for converting between measurement units. Conversion Factor - answer - Equivalent values in different units. Average Calculation - answer - Sum of values divided by number of values. % Error - answer - Comparison of average measurement to true value. % Difference (Precision) - answer - Difference betwe