Arulmigu Meenakshi Amman college of Engineering
Vadamavandal-604410.
ME3691-HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
Prepared by,
V.Umapathy,
Prof./Mech.
UNIT – I
CONDUCTION
General Differential equation – Cartesian, Cylindrical and Spherical Coordinates – One Dimensional
Steady State Heat Conduction –– plane and Composite Systems – Conduction with Internal Heat
Generation – Extended Surfaces – Unsteady Heat Conduction – Lumped Analysis – Semi Infinite and
Infinite Solids –Use of Heisler’s charts – Methods of enhanced thermal conduction.
UNIT – II
CONVECTION
Conservation Equations, Boundary Layer Concept – Forced Convection: External Flow – Flow over
Plates, Cylinders Spheres and Bank of tubes. Internal Flow – Entrance effects. Free Convection –
Flow over Vertical Plate, Horizontal Plate, Inclined Plate, Cylinders and Spheres. Mixed Convection.
UNIT – III
PHASE CHANGE HEAT TRANSFER AND HEAT EXCHANGERS
Nusselt’s theory of condensation- Regimes of Pool boiling and Flow boiling - Correlations in boiling
and condensation. Heat Exchanger Types – TEMA Standards - Overall Heat Transfer Coefficient –
Fouling Factors. LMTD and NTU methods. Fundamentals of Heat Pipes and its applications.
UNIT – IV
RADIATION
Introduction to Thermal Radiation - Radiation laws and Radiative properties - Black Body and Gray
body Radiation - Radiosity - View Factor Relations. Electrical Analogy. Radiation Shields.
UNIT – V
MASS TRANSFER
Basic Concepts – Diffusion Mass Transfer – Fick’s Law of Diffusion – Steady state and Transient
Diffusion - Stefan flow –Convective Mass Transfer – Momentum, Heat and Mass Transfer Analogy –
Convective Mass Transfer Correlations.
1 CONDUCTION
, Introduction
- Study of heat energy transfer
- Modes: conduction, convection, radiation
*Conduction Basics
- Governed by Fourier's law
- Steady state: no temp change with time
*Key Concepts
- 1D conduction: plane, composite walls
- Internal heat generation
- Extended surfaces (fins)
- Unsteady conduction: lumped analysis
*Methods & Tools
- Heisler's charts: transient conduction
- Enhanced conduction: fins, high-k materials
Two Marks Question and Answers
1. What is the general heat conduction equation in Cartesian coordinates?
2. What is the equation for 1D steady-state conduction in a plane wall?
,3. What is lumped analysis used for?
- Solving unsteady conduction problems
4. What are Heisler's charts used for?
- Solving transient conduction problems
5. What is the purpose of extended surfaces (fins)?
- Increase heat transfer area
6. What is the condition for lumped analysis to be valid?
- Bi < 0.1
7. How does internal heat generation affect conduction?
- Affects temperature distribution
, 2 CONVECTION
Introduction
- Study of heat transfer between surface and fluid
- Forced convection: external and internal flows
- Free convection: buoyancy-driven
*Key Concepts
- Boundary layer: velocity and thermal
- Conservation equations: mass, momentum, energy
*Forced Convection
- External flow: plates, cylinders, spheres
- Internal flow: entrance effects
*Free Convection
- Vertical, horizontal, inclined plates
- Cylinders and spheres
*Mixed Convection
- Combination of forced and free convection
Basics Concepts
- Conservation equations: mass, momentum, energy
- Boundary layer: thin region near surface
*Forced Convection
- External flow: flow over objects
- Flat plates: Blasius solution
- Cylinders, spheres: drag and heat transfer
- Internal flow: flow inside ducts
- Entrance effects: developing flow
*Free Convection
- Buoyancy-driven flow
- Vertical plate: natural convection
- Horizontal and inclined plates
- Cylinders and spheres
*Mixed Convection
Vadamavandal-604410.
ME3691-HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
Prepared by,
V.Umapathy,
Prof./Mech.
UNIT – I
CONDUCTION
General Differential equation – Cartesian, Cylindrical and Spherical Coordinates – One Dimensional
Steady State Heat Conduction –– plane and Composite Systems – Conduction with Internal Heat
Generation – Extended Surfaces – Unsteady Heat Conduction – Lumped Analysis – Semi Infinite and
Infinite Solids –Use of Heisler’s charts – Methods of enhanced thermal conduction.
UNIT – II
CONVECTION
Conservation Equations, Boundary Layer Concept – Forced Convection: External Flow – Flow over
Plates, Cylinders Spheres and Bank of tubes. Internal Flow – Entrance effects. Free Convection –
Flow over Vertical Plate, Horizontal Plate, Inclined Plate, Cylinders and Spheres. Mixed Convection.
UNIT – III
PHASE CHANGE HEAT TRANSFER AND HEAT EXCHANGERS
Nusselt’s theory of condensation- Regimes of Pool boiling and Flow boiling - Correlations in boiling
and condensation. Heat Exchanger Types – TEMA Standards - Overall Heat Transfer Coefficient –
Fouling Factors. LMTD and NTU methods. Fundamentals of Heat Pipes and its applications.
UNIT – IV
RADIATION
Introduction to Thermal Radiation - Radiation laws and Radiative properties - Black Body and Gray
body Radiation - Radiosity - View Factor Relations. Electrical Analogy. Radiation Shields.
UNIT – V
MASS TRANSFER
Basic Concepts – Diffusion Mass Transfer – Fick’s Law of Diffusion – Steady state and Transient
Diffusion - Stefan flow –Convective Mass Transfer – Momentum, Heat and Mass Transfer Analogy –
Convective Mass Transfer Correlations.
1 CONDUCTION
, Introduction
- Study of heat energy transfer
- Modes: conduction, convection, radiation
*Conduction Basics
- Governed by Fourier's law
- Steady state: no temp change with time
*Key Concepts
- 1D conduction: plane, composite walls
- Internal heat generation
- Extended surfaces (fins)
- Unsteady conduction: lumped analysis
*Methods & Tools
- Heisler's charts: transient conduction
- Enhanced conduction: fins, high-k materials
Two Marks Question and Answers
1. What is the general heat conduction equation in Cartesian coordinates?
2. What is the equation for 1D steady-state conduction in a plane wall?
,3. What is lumped analysis used for?
- Solving unsteady conduction problems
4. What are Heisler's charts used for?
- Solving transient conduction problems
5. What is the purpose of extended surfaces (fins)?
- Increase heat transfer area
6. What is the condition for lumped analysis to be valid?
- Bi < 0.1
7. How does internal heat generation affect conduction?
- Affects temperature distribution
, 2 CONVECTION
Introduction
- Study of heat transfer between surface and fluid
- Forced convection: external and internal flows
- Free convection: buoyancy-driven
*Key Concepts
- Boundary layer: velocity and thermal
- Conservation equations: mass, momentum, energy
*Forced Convection
- External flow: plates, cylinders, spheres
- Internal flow: entrance effects
*Free Convection
- Vertical, horizontal, inclined plates
- Cylinders and spheres
*Mixed Convection
- Combination of forced and free convection
Basics Concepts
- Conservation equations: mass, momentum, energy
- Boundary layer: thin region near surface
*Forced Convection
- External flow: flow over objects
- Flat plates: Blasius solution
- Cylinders, spheres: drag and heat transfer
- Internal flow: flow inside ducts
- Entrance effects: developing flow
*Free Convection
- Buoyancy-driven flow
- Vertical plate: natural convection
- Horizontal and inclined plates
- Cylinders and spheres
*Mixed Convection
