FRESENIUS ANNUAL COMPETENCY
EXAM COMPLETE ACTUAL TEST PAPER
QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS GRADED A
⩥ Patient care technicians evaluate and reinforce. Answer: nursing
education
⩥ What are the anatomical structures of the urinary system in order of
urine flow ?. Answer: (2) kidneys (2) ureters (1) bladder (1) urethra
⩥ What are the functions of a healthy kidney ? remove -. Answer: Waste
products - creatinine, urea and uric acid, ammonia
⩥ What are the functions of a healthy kidney ? regulate / synthesis -.
Answer: Fluid balance, blood volume, electrolytes and acid- base
balance, synthesize calcitrol ( active vitamin D)
⩥ What are the functions of a healthy kidney? Endocrine / Enzyme -.
Answer: Secrete erythropoietin - stimulate bone marrow to make red
blood cells
Release renin - controls blood pressure
,⩥ What is urea ?. Answer: by-product of protein metabolism
⩥ What is creatinine ?. Answer: by -product of muscle metabolism
⩥ Uric acid occurs naturally in the human body as a result of ?. Answer:
the metabolism of purine
⩥ What is purine ?. Answer: a muscle protein that enters the body either
through dietary intake ( about 30 percent) or from the breakdown of the
body's own cells during cell turnover
⩥ Production of renin helps to ?. Answer: regulate or control blood
pressure
⩥ Production of erythropoietin helps to ?. Answer: stimulate red blood
cell production
⩥ Synthesis of calcitrol regulates what ?. Answer: calcium /
phosphorous balance.
⩥ Synthesis of calcitrol enables absorbtion of what ?. Answer: dietary
calcium; promoting bone health
,⩥ Which of the functions of healthy kidneys are replaced by dialysis ?.
Answer: Removal of waste products, and regulation of fluid balance
⩥ What is the function of renin ?. Answer: Renin is a hormone produced
by the kidneys with important effects on the regulation of blood
pressure, and on sodium and potassium balance.
⩥ What is a nephron ?. Answer: The functional unit of the kidney. It is a
tubular structure and filters blood to form urine.
⩥ What is a glomerulus ?. Answer: A network (tuft) of capillaries that
performs the first step of filtering blood. it filters water and solutes into
Bowmans capsule.
⩥ What does Bowmans capsule do ?. Answer: empties the filtrate into a
tubule that is also part of the nephron
⩥ Urinary excretion is ?. Answer: Excretion = filtration - reabsorbtion =
secretion
⩥ What is the function of erythropoietin?. Answer: Erythropoietin
stimulates the bone marrow to produce red blood cells.
, ⩥ What is the synthetic form of erythropoietin ?. Answer: Recombiant
Epoetin Alfa ( Epogen) - or- Mircera both are drugs given by licensed
nursing staff to dialysis patients to treat anemia
⩥ Why must the kidney activate Vitamin D ?. Answer: The kidney
converts Vitamin D to Calcitrol, its activated form. This activated form
of Vitamin D helps to maintain good bone health by helping to absorb
calcium from foods eaten.
⩥ What are synthetic forms of activated Vitamin D ?. Answer: Calcijex,
Zemplar, and Hectorol ( synthetic calcitriol) are medications used in
treating bone disease for hemodialysis patients.
⩥ acute renal failure. Answer: sudden onset, severe, usually reversible,
Drug toxicity, motor vehicle accident, dehydration
⩥ Chronic renal failure. Answer: slow onset, progressive, permanent,
diabetes - diabetic nephropathy or glomerulosclerosis, Hypertension
causing nephrolosclerosis, glomerulonephtitis
⩥ other causes of renal failure include ?. Answer: Polycystic kidney
disease, Interstitial Nephritis, Goodpasture syndrome, Wilm's tumor,
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Alport's disease, Sickle Cell disease,
Acquired Immune Deficiency (AIDS), obstructions, Scleroderma, Drug
toxicity ( heroin, cocaine, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs,
acetaminophen)
EXAM COMPLETE ACTUAL TEST PAPER
QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS GRADED A
⩥ Patient care technicians evaluate and reinforce. Answer: nursing
education
⩥ What are the anatomical structures of the urinary system in order of
urine flow ?. Answer: (2) kidneys (2) ureters (1) bladder (1) urethra
⩥ What are the functions of a healthy kidney ? remove -. Answer: Waste
products - creatinine, urea and uric acid, ammonia
⩥ What are the functions of a healthy kidney ? regulate / synthesis -.
Answer: Fluid balance, blood volume, electrolytes and acid- base
balance, synthesize calcitrol ( active vitamin D)
⩥ What are the functions of a healthy kidney? Endocrine / Enzyme -.
Answer: Secrete erythropoietin - stimulate bone marrow to make red
blood cells
Release renin - controls blood pressure
,⩥ What is urea ?. Answer: by-product of protein metabolism
⩥ What is creatinine ?. Answer: by -product of muscle metabolism
⩥ Uric acid occurs naturally in the human body as a result of ?. Answer:
the metabolism of purine
⩥ What is purine ?. Answer: a muscle protein that enters the body either
through dietary intake ( about 30 percent) or from the breakdown of the
body's own cells during cell turnover
⩥ Production of renin helps to ?. Answer: regulate or control blood
pressure
⩥ Production of erythropoietin helps to ?. Answer: stimulate red blood
cell production
⩥ Synthesis of calcitrol regulates what ?. Answer: calcium /
phosphorous balance.
⩥ Synthesis of calcitrol enables absorbtion of what ?. Answer: dietary
calcium; promoting bone health
,⩥ Which of the functions of healthy kidneys are replaced by dialysis ?.
Answer: Removal of waste products, and regulation of fluid balance
⩥ What is the function of renin ?. Answer: Renin is a hormone produced
by the kidneys with important effects on the regulation of blood
pressure, and on sodium and potassium balance.
⩥ What is a nephron ?. Answer: The functional unit of the kidney. It is a
tubular structure and filters blood to form urine.
⩥ What is a glomerulus ?. Answer: A network (tuft) of capillaries that
performs the first step of filtering blood. it filters water and solutes into
Bowmans capsule.
⩥ What does Bowmans capsule do ?. Answer: empties the filtrate into a
tubule that is also part of the nephron
⩥ Urinary excretion is ?. Answer: Excretion = filtration - reabsorbtion =
secretion
⩥ What is the function of erythropoietin?. Answer: Erythropoietin
stimulates the bone marrow to produce red blood cells.
, ⩥ What is the synthetic form of erythropoietin ?. Answer: Recombiant
Epoetin Alfa ( Epogen) - or- Mircera both are drugs given by licensed
nursing staff to dialysis patients to treat anemia
⩥ Why must the kidney activate Vitamin D ?. Answer: The kidney
converts Vitamin D to Calcitrol, its activated form. This activated form
of Vitamin D helps to maintain good bone health by helping to absorb
calcium from foods eaten.
⩥ What are synthetic forms of activated Vitamin D ?. Answer: Calcijex,
Zemplar, and Hectorol ( synthetic calcitriol) are medications used in
treating bone disease for hemodialysis patients.
⩥ acute renal failure. Answer: sudden onset, severe, usually reversible,
Drug toxicity, motor vehicle accident, dehydration
⩥ Chronic renal failure. Answer: slow onset, progressive, permanent,
diabetes - diabetic nephropathy or glomerulosclerosis, Hypertension
causing nephrolosclerosis, glomerulonephtitis
⩥ other causes of renal failure include ?. Answer: Polycystic kidney
disease, Interstitial Nephritis, Goodpasture syndrome, Wilm's tumor,
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Alport's disease, Sickle Cell disease,
Acquired Immune Deficiency (AIDS), obstructions, Scleroderma, Drug
toxicity ( heroin, cocaine, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs,
acetaminophen)
