BIO 150 Exam 1 Study Guide | Biodiversity, Evolution & Key
Concepts
1. Describe how gene flow contributes to genetic diversity within a population.
Gene flow increases genetic diversity by introducing new alleles
from other populations.
Gene flow only affects species diversity, not genetic diversity.
Gene flow has no impact on genetic diversity within a population.
Gene flow decreases genetic diversity by limiting allele variation.
2. What are cultural services in the context of ecosystem services?
Cultural services are the regulatory functions of ecosystems.
Cultural services are the economic benefits derived from ecosystem
exploitation.
Cultural services are the non-material benefits people obtain from
ecosystems.
Cultural services are the physical resources provided by ecosystems.
3. Describe how divergent (disruptive) selection can affect the genetic diversity
of a population.
Divergent (disruptive) selection increases genetic diversity by
promoting the survival of individuals with extreme traits, leading to
a greater variety of phenotypes.
Divergent (disruptive) selection has no effect on genetic diversity
within a population.
Divergent (disruptive) selection eliminates all but one phenotype from
the population.
, Divergent (disruptive) selection decreases genetic diversity by
favoring only the most common traits.
4. A biologist doing a long-term study on the change of the neck of Giraffe
population observes changes in the neck over years in response to
environmental changes as shown in this figure. Which of the following forms
of natural selection could the Giraffe population be experiencing?
directional selection
genetic deletion
stabilizing selection
disruptive selection
5. What are the two types of sexual selection discussed in evolutionary
biology?
Intersexual selection and intrasexual selection
Genetic drift and gene flow
Directional selection and stabilizing selection
Natural selection and artificial selection
6. If a region experiences a significant decline in its provisioning services, what
potential impacts could this have on local communities?
Local communities will experience no significant changes in their
lifestyle.
Local communities may face food shortages and reduced access to
clean water.
Local communities will benefit from enhanced recreational
opportunities.
, Local communities will likely see an increase in biodiversity.
7. Sexual selection is the development of
traits related to secondary sexual characteristics.
selection pressures on traits related to reproduction.
natural selection processes that occur via reproduction.
traits that help an individual compete for mates.
8. What is the formula used to calculate genotypic frequencies in a population?
p+q=1
p^2 + q^2 = 1
p^2 + 2pq + q^2 = 1
p^2 + 2pq = 1
9. What is the primary outcome of survival and reproduction in natural
selection?
The isolation of populations.
The passing of advantageous traits to the next generation.
The increase in genetic drift.
The extinction of less adapted species.
10. When calculating genotypic frequencies in a population, the frequencies of
the two alleles (p+q), and the frequencies of the various genotypes must
equal...
10.0
42.0
, 100.0
1.0
11. Describe how adaptations contribute to the process of natural selection.
Adaptations are random changes that do not affect survival.
Adaptations occur only in response to human intervention.
Adaptations are only physical traits and do not include behaviors.
Adaptations improve an organism's fitness, allowing it to survive
and reproduce more effectively, which is a key component of
natural selection.
12. If a small group of birds colonizes a new island, how might the founder
effect influence their evolution over time?
The founder effect will have no impact on the birds' evolution since
they are in a new environment.
The founder effect may lead to reduced genetic variation in the
bird population, potentially resulting in unique adaptations to the
island environment.
The founder effect will cause the birds to revert to their ancestral
traits over time.
The founder effect will ensure that the birds maintain high genetic
diversity and adaptability.
13. Plasmid is an important tool in DNA technology used by scientists because
of the following
It can replicate on its own
It is easy to manipulate for studying gene functions
Concepts
1. Describe how gene flow contributes to genetic diversity within a population.
Gene flow increases genetic diversity by introducing new alleles
from other populations.
Gene flow only affects species diversity, not genetic diversity.
Gene flow has no impact on genetic diversity within a population.
Gene flow decreases genetic diversity by limiting allele variation.
2. What are cultural services in the context of ecosystem services?
Cultural services are the regulatory functions of ecosystems.
Cultural services are the economic benefits derived from ecosystem
exploitation.
Cultural services are the non-material benefits people obtain from
ecosystems.
Cultural services are the physical resources provided by ecosystems.
3. Describe how divergent (disruptive) selection can affect the genetic diversity
of a population.
Divergent (disruptive) selection increases genetic diversity by
promoting the survival of individuals with extreme traits, leading to
a greater variety of phenotypes.
Divergent (disruptive) selection has no effect on genetic diversity
within a population.
Divergent (disruptive) selection eliminates all but one phenotype from
the population.
, Divergent (disruptive) selection decreases genetic diversity by
favoring only the most common traits.
4. A biologist doing a long-term study on the change of the neck of Giraffe
population observes changes in the neck over years in response to
environmental changes as shown in this figure. Which of the following forms
of natural selection could the Giraffe population be experiencing?
directional selection
genetic deletion
stabilizing selection
disruptive selection
5. What are the two types of sexual selection discussed in evolutionary
biology?
Intersexual selection and intrasexual selection
Genetic drift and gene flow
Directional selection and stabilizing selection
Natural selection and artificial selection
6. If a region experiences a significant decline in its provisioning services, what
potential impacts could this have on local communities?
Local communities will experience no significant changes in their
lifestyle.
Local communities may face food shortages and reduced access to
clean water.
Local communities will benefit from enhanced recreational
opportunities.
, Local communities will likely see an increase in biodiversity.
7. Sexual selection is the development of
traits related to secondary sexual characteristics.
selection pressures on traits related to reproduction.
natural selection processes that occur via reproduction.
traits that help an individual compete for mates.
8. What is the formula used to calculate genotypic frequencies in a population?
p+q=1
p^2 + q^2 = 1
p^2 + 2pq + q^2 = 1
p^2 + 2pq = 1
9. What is the primary outcome of survival and reproduction in natural
selection?
The isolation of populations.
The passing of advantageous traits to the next generation.
The increase in genetic drift.
The extinction of less adapted species.
10. When calculating genotypic frequencies in a population, the frequencies of
the two alleles (p+q), and the frequencies of the various genotypes must
equal...
10.0
42.0
, 100.0
1.0
11. Describe how adaptations contribute to the process of natural selection.
Adaptations are random changes that do not affect survival.
Adaptations occur only in response to human intervention.
Adaptations are only physical traits and do not include behaviors.
Adaptations improve an organism's fitness, allowing it to survive
and reproduce more effectively, which is a key component of
natural selection.
12. If a small group of birds colonizes a new island, how might the founder
effect influence their evolution over time?
The founder effect will have no impact on the birds' evolution since
they are in a new environment.
The founder effect may lead to reduced genetic variation in the
bird population, potentially resulting in unique adaptations to the
island environment.
The founder effect will cause the birds to revert to their ancestral
traits over time.
The founder effect will ensure that the birds maintain high genetic
diversity and adaptability.
13. Plasmid is an important tool in DNA technology used by scientists because
of the following
It can replicate on its own
It is easy to manipulate for studying gene functions
