NSG 3280 Pathophysiology Exam 3 | High-Yield
Questions & Verified Answers | Galen College of Nursing
| PDF
1) We talked about different types of strokes, we have Hemorrhagic and
Ischemic stroke.
There are two types of Ischemic stroke.
(a) Embolic stroke and
(b) Thrombotic Stroke
2) Who is at risk for Hemorrhagic stroke? Those who have uncontrolled
hypertension (because too much pressure will cause the arteries to rupture)
Patient who are suspected of having Hemorrhagic stroke should not be given
CT scan with Contrast (we do CT scan without contrast first, and if
there is no bleeding noted, then we do CT scan with contrast)
3) What is the function of Glasgow coma scale? To Assess the level of
Consciousness.
GCS (Glasgow Coma Scale)
Establishes baseline data:
-eye opening
-motor response
-verbal stimuli
Highest score is 15. Mild (13-15), Moderate Disability (9-12):
Severe Disability (3-8): Vegetative State (Less Than 3):
Critical Rescue
A decrease in 2 points or more in the GCS is clinically significant and
MD must be notified!
, 4) What is the normal Intercranial Pressure? 0 – 15
5) Any disfunction in Cranial nerve # 2 and 3 will lead to What? Change in
Size of pupil, shape, and pupil reaction to light
6) Any changes or dysfunction to Cranial nerve # 3, 4, 6 will lead to
Nystagmus, conjugate movement, Ocular pulses especially in one eye (and
that is how we diagnose acute brain injuries)
7) One of the Traumatic Brain Injury we talked about is Focal head injury or
coup which is localized to one side (site of impact), while coup-contrecoup
injury is called Diffused axonal injury or diffused axonal traumatic
brain injury (there is neural or nerve damage through the cerebral
cortex) there is wide spread of neural damage in the cerebral cortex.
8) In Acute brain Ischemia –What is the Cushing Reflex? The Cushing
reflex is a physiological response to increased intracranial pressure
(ICP), often caused by brain injury or swelling. The sympathetic
nervous system is activated to increase blood pressure and maintain
blood flow to the brain.
Questions & Verified Answers | Galen College of Nursing
1) We talked about different types of strokes, we have Hemorrhagic and
Ischemic stroke.
There are two types of Ischemic stroke.
(a) Embolic stroke and
(b) Thrombotic Stroke
2) Who is at risk for Hemorrhagic stroke? Those who have uncontrolled
hypertension (because too much pressure will cause the arteries to rupture)
Patient who are suspected of having Hemorrhagic stroke should not be given
CT scan with Contrast (we do CT scan without contrast first, and if
there is no bleeding noted, then we do CT scan with contrast)
3) What is the function of Glasgow coma scale? To Assess the level of
Consciousness.
GCS (Glasgow Coma Scale)
Establishes baseline data:
-eye opening
-motor response
-verbal stimuli
Highest score is 15. Mild (13-15), Moderate Disability (9-12):
Severe Disability (3-8): Vegetative State (Less Than 3):
Critical Rescue
A decrease in 2 points or more in the GCS is clinically significant and
MD must be notified!
, 4) What is the normal Intercranial Pressure? 0 – 15
5) Any disfunction in Cranial nerve # 2 and 3 will lead to What? Change in
Size of pupil, shape, and pupil reaction to light
6) Any changes or dysfunction to Cranial nerve # 3, 4, 6 will lead to
Nystagmus, conjugate movement, Ocular pulses especially in one eye (and
that is how we diagnose acute brain injuries)
7) One of the Traumatic Brain Injury we talked about is Focal head injury or
coup which is localized to one side (site of impact), while coup-contrecoup
injury is called Diffused axonal injury or diffused axonal traumatic
brain injury (there is neural or nerve damage through the cerebral
cortex) there is wide spread of neural damage in the cerebral cortex.
8) In Acute brain Ischemia –What is the Cushing Reflex? The Cushing
reflex is a physiological response to increased intracranial pressure
(ICP), often caused by brain injury or swelling. The sympathetic
nervous system is activated to increase blood pressure and maintain
blood flow to the brain.
