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Introduction to MicrobiologyPage 1 of 710/20/2026https://www.stuvia.com/user/????????????????????"OP@)(@)(*#@(#*@#&*$^&)(*@)$*$(&(Y&*&%Y&*(@)&$(&%*&%*&(&%@&*($#(*&98oIntroduction
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What is microbiology? The study of the biology of microscopic organisms such as viruses, bacteria,
algae, fungi, slime molds, and protozoa.
What does the prefix 'micro-' signify? It indicates something that cannot be seen with the naked eye.
Who is known as the 'Father of Microbiology'? Antonie van Leeuwenhoek.
What are the characteristics of life in microorganisms? Living cells maintain structure, respond to stimuli, reproduce, and evolve.
What is the main difference between prokaryotic and Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus, while eukaryotic cells have a nucleus.
eukaryotic cells?
What are the three domains of life according to Carl Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya.
Woese?
What is the typical size of prokaryotic cells? Less than 5 µm.
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Introduction to MicrobiologyPage 2 of 710/20/2026https://www.stuvia.com/user/????????????????????"OP@)(@)(*#@(#*@#&*$^&)(*@)$*$(&(Y&*&%Y&*(@)&$(&%*&%*&(&%@&*($#(*&98oIntroduction
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What is a Gram-positive bacterium? A bacterium with a thick cell wall composed of many layers of
peptidoglycan.
What is a Gram-negative bacterium? A bacterium with a thin peptidoglycan layer and an outer membrane.
What is the purpose of Gram staining? To differentiate between Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria based
on their cell wall structure.
What is binary fission? A type of asexual reproduction in prokaryotes where the cell divides into
two identical daughter cells.
What is the generation time for E. coli under 15-20 minutes.
laboratory conditions?
What is the role of the capsid in a virus? It is a protective protein coat that surrounds the viral nucleic acid.
What is the function of the viral envelope? It provides additional protection and can help the virus evade the host
immune response.
What is the significance of semi-conservative Each daughter DNA strand contains one original and one newly synthesized
replication? strand.
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Introduction to MicrobiologyPage 1 of 710/20/2026https://www.stuvia.com/user/????????????????????"OP@)(@)(*#@(#*@#&*$^&)(*@)$*$(&(Y&*&%Y&*(@)&$(&%*&%*&(&%@&*($#(*&98oIntroduction
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to Microbiology.pdf10/20/2026, 4:09:33 AM to Microbiology.pdf10/20/2026, 4:09:33 AM
to Microbiology.pdf10/20/2026, 4:09:33 AM
What is microbiology? The study of the biology of microscopic organisms such as viruses, bacteria,
algae, fungi, slime molds, and protozoa.
What does the prefix 'micro-' signify? It indicates something that cannot be seen with the naked eye.
Who is known as the 'Father of Microbiology'? Antonie van Leeuwenhoek.
What are the characteristics of life in microorganisms? Living cells maintain structure, respond to stimuli, reproduce, and evolve.
What is the main difference between prokaryotic and Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus, while eukaryotic cells have a nucleus.
eukaryotic cells?
What are the three domains of life according to Carl Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya.
Woese?
What is the typical size of prokaryotic cells? Less than 5 µm.
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Introduction to MicrobiologyPage 2 of 710/20/2026https://www.stuvia.com/user/????????????????????"OP@)(@)(*#@(#*@#&*$^&)(*@)$*$(&(Y&*&%Y&*(@)&$(&%*&%*&(&%@&*($#(*&98oIntroduction
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to Microbiology.pdf10/20/2026, 4:09:33 AM to Microbiology.pdf10/20/2026, 4:09:33 AM
to Microbiology.pdf10/20/2026, 4:09:33 AM
What is a Gram-positive bacterium? A bacterium with a thick cell wall composed of many layers of
peptidoglycan.
What is a Gram-negative bacterium? A bacterium with a thin peptidoglycan layer and an outer membrane.
What is the purpose of Gram staining? To differentiate between Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria based
on their cell wall structure.
What is binary fission? A type of asexual reproduction in prokaryotes where the cell divides into
two identical daughter cells.
What is the generation time for E. coli under 15-20 minutes.
laboratory conditions?
What is the role of the capsid in a virus? It is a protective protein coat that surrounds the viral nucleic acid.
What is the function of the viral envelope? It provides additional protection and can help the virus evade the host
immune response.
What is the significance of semi-conservative Each daughter DNA strand contains one original and one newly synthesized
replication? strand.
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