NES Elementary Education Subtest 1: Social Studies (full set)
Question 1.
legislative branch
ANSWER
made up of the two houses of Congress—the Senate and the House of Representatives. The most important duty of the legislative branch is to make laws.
Question 2.
executive branch
ANSWER
vested in the President of the United States, who also acts as head of state and Commander-in-Chief of the armed forces.
Question 3.
judicial branch
ANSWER
the power to interpret laws and settle disputes
Question 4.
authoritarian governments
ANSWER
a form of government characterized by strong central power and limited political freedoms. Individual freedoms are subordinate to the state and there is no
constitutional accountability under an authoritarian regime. EX. China, Myanmar, Cuba and Iran
Question 5.
democratic government
ANSWER
A system of government in which power is vested in the people, who rule either directly or through freely elected representatives.
Question 6.
autocracies
ANSWER
a system of government in which supreme power is concentrated in the hands of one person, whose decisions are subject to neither external legal restraints
nor regularized mechanisms of popular control. There are two main types of autocracy: a monarchy and a dictatorship.
Question 7.
oligarchies
ANSWER
in some authoritarian governments, a small, elite group has the power to rule whose authority generally is based on wealth or power
, Question 8.
direct democracy
ANSWER
public policy is established by the people themselves, such as in New England town meetings
Question 9.
indirect democracy, or representative democracy
ANSWER
the people choose a small group to act as their representatives to carry out the policies of government.
Question 10.
Article 1 of the Constitution
ANSWER
defines the legislative branch and vests power to legislate in the Congress of the United States. Congress is made up of two chambers, the Senate and the
House of Representatives.
Question 11.
Article 2 of the Constitution
ANSWER
The executive branch of government enforces the laws of the land and the powers of the president
Question 12.
Article 3 of the Constitution
ANSWER
defines the judicial branch as the Supreme Court and such inferior courts as Congress sees necessary to establish.
Question 13.
Federalism
ANSWER
sharing of power among the national, state, and local governments
Question 14.
powers reserved to the national government
ANSWER
Print money Regulate interstate (between states) and international trade Make treaties and conduct foreign policy Declare war Provide an army and navy
Establish post offices Make laws necessary and proper to carry out the these powers
, Question 15.
Powers reserved to the state governments
ANSWER
Issue licenses Regulate intrastate (within the state) businesses Conduct elections Establish local governments Ratify amendments to the Constitution Take
measures for public health and safety Exercise powers the Constitution does not delegate to the national government or prohibit the states from using
Question 16.
Powers that the state and national governments share
ANSWER
Collect taxes Build roads Borrow money Establish courts Make and enforce laws Charter banks and corporations Spend money for the general welfare Take
private property for public purposes, with just compensation
Question 17.
Constitutional Amendment 1
ANSWER
Freedom of (or from) religion; freedom of speech; freedom to assemble; freedom to petition the government.
Question 18.
Constitutional Amendment 2
ANSWER
Right to bear arms.
Question 19.
Constitutional Amendment 3
ANSWER
Freedom from quartering soldiers.
Question 20.
Constitutional Amendment 4
ANSWER
Freedom from unreasonable searches and seizures; warrants must only be issued upon probable cause, and shall be specific.
Question 21.
Constitutional amendment 5
ANSWER
Criminal indictments must be by grand jury; freedom from double jeopardy; freedom from testifying against oneself; right to due process; right of just
compensation for takings.
Question 1.
legislative branch
ANSWER
made up of the two houses of Congress—the Senate and the House of Representatives. The most important duty of the legislative branch is to make laws.
Question 2.
executive branch
ANSWER
vested in the President of the United States, who also acts as head of state and Commander-in-Chief of the armed forces.
Question 3.
judicial branch
ANSWER
the power to interpret laws and settle disputes
Question 4.
authoritarian governments
ANSWER
a form of government characterized by strong central power and limited political freedoms. Individual freedoms are subordinate to the state and there is no
constitutional accountability under an authoritarian regime. EX. China, Myanmar, Cuba and Iran
Question 5.
democratic government
ANSWER
A system of government in which power is vested in the people, who rule either directly or through freely elected representatives.
Question 6.
autocracies
ANSWER
a system of government in which supreme power is concentrated in the hands of one person, whose decisions are subject to neither external legal restraints
nor regularized mechanisms of popular control. There are two main types of autocracy: a monarchy and a dictatorship.
Question 7.
oligarchies
ANSWER
in some authoritarian governments, a small, elite group has the power to rule whose authority generally is based on wealth or power
, Question 8.
direct democracy
ANSWER
public policy is established by the people themselves, such as in New England town meetings
Question 9.
indirect democracy, or representative democracy
ANSWER
the people choose a small group to act as their representatives to carry out the policies of government.
Question 10.
Article 1 of the Constitution
ANSWER
defines the legislative branch and vests power to legislate in the Congress of the United States. Congress is made up of two chambers, the Senate and the
House of Representatives.
Question 11.
Article 2 of the Constitution
ANSWER
The executive branch of government enforces the laws of the land and the powers of the president
Question 12.
Article 3 of the Constitution
ANSWER
defines the judicial branch as the Supreme Court and such inferior courts as Congress sees necessary to establish.
Question 13.
Federalism
ANSWER
sharing of power among the national, state, and local governments
Question 14.
powers reserved to the national government
ANSWER
Print money Regulate interstate (between states) and international trade Make treaties and conduct foreign policy Declare war Provide an army and navy
Establish post offices Make laws necessary and proper to carry out the these powers
, Question 15.
Powers reserved to the state governments
ANSWER
Issue licenses Regulate intrastate (within the state) businesses Conduct elections Establish local governments Ratify amendments to the Constitution Take
measures for public health and safety Exercise powers the Constitution does not delegate to the national government or prohibit the states from using
Question 16.
Powers that the state and national governments share
ANSWER
Collect taxes Build roads Borrow money Establish courts Make and enforce laws Charter banks and corporations Spend money for the general welfare Take
private property for public purposes, with just compensation
Question 17.
Constitutional Amendment 1
ANSWER
Freedom of (or from) religion; freedom of speech; freedom to assemble; freedom to petition the government.
Question 18.
Constitutional Amendment 2
ANSWER
Right to bear arms.
Question 19.
Constitutional Amendment 3
ANSWER
Freedom from quartering soldiers.
Question 20.
Constitutional Amendment 4
ANSWER
Freedom from unreasonable searches and seizures; warrants must only be issued upon probable cause, and shall be specific.
Question 21.
Constitutional amendment 5
ANSWER
Criminal indictments must be by grand jury; freedom from double jeopardy; freedom from testifying against oneself; right to due process; right of just
compensation for takings.
