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Test Bank – Chapter 1
Clinical Psychology: Definition and Training
Multiple Choice Questions
1. The term clinical psychology was first used in print in the year _____.
A) 1780
B) 1894
C) 1907
D) 1952
Ans: C
2. The first person to use the term clinical psychology in print was _____.
A) Lightner Witmer
B) Sigmund Freud
C) Carl Rogers
D) Richard McFall
Ans: A
3. Demonstrating that there are many paths to the profession of clinical psychology, more than half of APA-
accredited doctoral programs offer _____.
A) focus groups
B) specialty training
C) part-time study
D) online internships
Ans: B
4. The Boulder model of training is also known as the _____ model of training.
A) practitioner-scholar
B) clinical scientist
C) clinical psychologist
D) scientist-practitioner
Ans: D
5. The scientist-practitioner model of training is characterized by
A) a joint emphasis on practice and research.
B) an emphasis on research over practice.
C) an emphasis on practice over research.
D) a combined emphasis on practice, research, and psychopharmacology.
Ans: A
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6. Currently, there are more clinical psychology graduate programs subscribing to the _____ model of training
than any other model.
A) counselor educator
B) practitioner-scholar
C) scientist-practitioner
D) clinical scientist
Ans: C
7. Clinical psychology graduate programs that subscribe to the practitioner-scholar model of training
A) typically award the PhD, rather than the PsyD, degree.
B) emphasize practice over research.
C) all of the above
D) none of the above
Ans: B
8. Which of the following is true?
A) The scientist-practitioner model of training emerged before the practitioner-scholar model of training.
B) The scientist-practitioner model of training and the practitioner-scholar model of training emerged at the
same time.
C) The scientist-practitioner model of training emerged after the clinical scientist model of training.
D) The clinical scientist model of training and the practitioner-scholar model of training emerged at the same
time.
Ans: A
9. Compared to PhD programs, PsyD programs typically
A) accept a larger percentage of applicants.
B) offer significantly less funding to enrolled students in the form of graduate assistantships, fellowships, and
tuition remission.
C) produce graduates who score lower on the national licensing exam (EPPP).
D) all of the above
Ans: D
10. Compared to PhD programs, PsyD programs
A) typically place greater emphasis on research-related aspects of training.
B) are more often housed in "professional schools" rather than departments of psychology in universities.
C) both of the above
D) none of the above
Ans: B
11. Richard McFall is most closely associated with the development of the _____ model of training.
A) scientist-practitioner
B) clinical scientist
C) therapist-educator
D) practitioner-scholar
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Ans: B
12. A growing emphasis in clinical psychology graduate training is _____, or skills that a student must be able
to demonstrate in areas such as assessment, research, and diversity.
A) benchmarks
B) specialty tracks
C) competencies
D) training realms
Ans: C
13. Which of the following are important factors in admissions decisions for graduate programs in clinical
psychology?
A) GRE scores
B) letters of recommendation
C) research experience
D) all of the above
Ans: D
14. The _____ typically consists of a full year of supervised clinical experience in an applied setting, and takes
place before the doctoral degree is awarded.
A) postdoctoral internship
B) predoctoral internship
C) first year of graduate school in a PsyD program
D) first year of graduate school in a PhD program
Ans: B
15. _____ authorizes a psychologist to practice independently.
A) Successful completion of the predoctoral internship
B) Successful completion of the postdoctoral internship
C) Successful completion of all graduate courses in an APA-approved graduate program
D) Licensure
Ans: D
16. The most common work setting for clinical psychologists since the 1980s is _____.
A) private practice
B) medical schools
C) psychiatric hospitals
D) university psychology departments
Ans: A
17. The most common professional activity of clinical psychologists since at least the 1970s is _____.
A) diagnosis/assessment
B) research/writing
C) psychotherapy
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D) teaching
Ans: C
18. Compared to clinical psychologists, professional counselors
A) earn a master’s degree rather than a doctoral degree.
B) place a higher emphasis on psychological testing and conducting research.
C) often specialize in areas such as career, addiction, or college counseling.
D) both A and C
Ans: D
19. Compared to counseling psychologists, clinical psychologists tend to
A) work with clients whose degree of psychopathology is greater.
B) work in settings such as inpatient psychiatric units.
C) all of the above
D) none of the above
Ans: C
20. Psychiatrists
A) tend to emphasize biological aspects of clinical problems to a greater extent than clinical psychologists.
B) earn the same degree and receive the same license as clinical psychologists.
C) all of the above
D) none of the above
Ans: A
21. Social workers
A) typically earn a doctoral degree.
B) undergo training that places heavy emphasis on research methods and psychological testing.
C) all of the above
D) none of the above
Ans: D
22. School psychologists
A) are not qualified to conduct psychological testing.
B) work with children in schools and the adults involved in students' lives.
C) all of the above
D) none of the above
Ans: B
23. Across both PhD and PsyD programs, graduate training in clinical psychology typically includes
A) a predoctoral internship.
B) coursework in psychotherapy, assessment, research design, statistics, and other areas.
C) all of the above
D) none of the above
Ans: C
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Test Bank – Chapter 1
Clinical Psychology: Definition and Training
Multiple Choice Questions
1. The term clinical psychology was first used in print in the year _____.
A) 1780
B) 1894
C) 1907
D) 1952
Ans: C
2. The first person to use the term clinical psychology in print was _____.
A) Lightner Witmer
B) Sigmund Freud
C) Carl Rogers
D) Richard McFall
Ans: A
3. Demonstrating that there are many paths to the profession of clinical psychology, more than half of APA-
accredited doctoral programs offer _____.
A) focus groups
B) specialty training
C) part-time study
D) online internships
Ans: B
4. The Boulder model of training is also known as the _____ model of training.
A) practitioner-scholar
B) clinical scientist
C) clinical psychologist
D) scientist-practitioner
Ans: D
5. The scientist-practitioner model of training is characterized by
A) a joint emphasis on practice and research.
B) an emphasis on research over practice.
C) an emphasis on practice over research.
D) a combined emphasis on practice, research, and psychopharmacology.
Ans: A
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6. Currently, there are more clinical psychology graduate programs subscribing to the _____ model of training
than any other model.
A) counselor educator
B) practitioner-scholar
C) scientist-practitioner
D) clinical scientist
Ans: C
7. Clinical psychology graduate programs that subscribe to the practitioner-scholar model of training
A) typically award the PhD, rather than the PsyD, degree.
B) emphasize practice over research.
C) all of the above
D) none of the above
Ans: B
8. Which of the following is true?
A) The scientist-practitioner model of training emerged before the practitioner-scholar model of training.
B) The scientist-practitioner model of training and the practitioner-scholar model of training emerged at the
same time.
C) The scientist-practitioner model of training emerged after the clinical scientist model of training.
D) The clinical scientist model of training and the practitioner-scholar model of training emerged at the same
time.
Ans: A
9. Compared to PhD programs, PsyD programs typically
A) accept a larger percentage of applicants.
B) offer significantly less funding to enrolled students in the form of graduate assistantships, fellowships, and
tuition remission.
C) produce graduates who score lower on the national licensing exam (EPPP).
D) all of the above
Ans: D
10. Compared to PhD programs, PsyD programs
A) typically place greater emphasis on research-related aspects of training.
B) are more often housed in "professional schools" rather than departments of psychology in universities.
C) both of the above
D) none of the above
Ans: B
11. Richard McFall is most closely associated with the development of the _____ model of training.
A) scientist-practitioner
B) clinical scientist
C) therapist-educator
D) practitioner-scholar
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Ans: B
12. A growing emphasis in clinical psychology graduate training is _____, or skills that a student must be able
to demonstrate in areas such as assessment, research, and diversity.
A) benchmarks
B) specialty tracks
C) competencies
D) training realms
Ans: C
13. Which of the following are important factors in admissions decisions for graduate programs in clinical
psychology?
A) GRE scores
B) letters of recommendation
C) research experience
D) all of the above
Ans: D
14. The _____ typically consists of a full year of supervised clinical experience in an applied setting, and takes
place before the doctoral degree is awarded.
A) postdoctoral internship
B) predoctoral internship
C) first year of graduate school in a PsyD program
D) first year of graduate school in a PhD program
Ans: B
15. _____ authorizes a psychologist to practice independently.
A) Successful completion of the predoctoral internship
B) Successful completion of the postdoctoral internship
C) Successful completion of all graduate courses in an APA-approved graduate program
D) Licensure
Ans: D
16. The most common work setting for clinical psychologists since the 1980s is _____.
A) private practice
B) medical schools
C) psychiatric hospitals
D) university psychology departments
Ans: A
17. The most common professional activity of clinical psychologists since at least the 1970s is _____.
A) diagnosis/assessment
B) research/writing
C) psychotherapy
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D) teaching
Ans: C
18. Compared to clinical psychologists, professional counselors
A) earn a master’s degree rather than a doctoral degree.
B) place a higher emphasis on psychological testing and conducting research.
C) often specialize in areas such as career, addiction, or college counseling.
D) both A and C
Ans: D
19. Compared to counseling psychologists, clinical psychologists tend to
A) work with clients whose degree of psychopathology is greater.
B) work in settings such as inpatient psychiatric units.
C) all of the above
D) none of the above
Ans: C
20. Psychiatrists
A) tend to emphasize biological aspects of clinical problems to a greater extent than clinical psychologists.
B) earn the same degree and receive the same license as clinical psychologists.
C) all of the above
D) none of the above
Ans: A
21. Social workers
A) typically earn a doctoral degree.
B) undergo training that places heavy emphasis on research methods and psychological testing.
C) all of the above
D) none of the above
Ans: D
22. School psychologists
A) are not qualified to conduct psychological testing.
B) work with children in schools and the adults involved in students' lives.
C) all of the above
D) none of the above
Ans: B
23. Across both PhD and PsyD programs, graduate training in clinical psychology typically includes
A) a predoctoral internship.
B) coursework in psychotherapy, assessment, research design, statistics, and other areas.
C) all of the above
D) none of the above
Ans: C
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