ASCP BOC UPDATED QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS
Question:
1. Crohn's disease
Answer:
-a chronic autoimmune disorder that is most often found in the ileum and in the colon -skip lesions,
strictures -transmural inflammation -deep ulcerations -fissures -cobblestone mucosa with serpentine
ulcers -creeping fat
Question:
2. ulcerative colitis (UC)
Answer:
-a chronic condition of unknown cause in which repeated episodes of inflammation in the rectum and
large intestine cause ulcers and irritation -pseudopolyps -superficial, broad-based ulcers
- only the colon
Question:
3. esophageal atresia
Answer:
-a thin, noncanalized cord replaces a segment of esophagus, causing a mechanical obstruction -most
common near the tracheal bifurcation and usually associated with a fistula connecting the upper or
lower esophageal pouches to a bronchus or the trachea
Question:
4. omphalocele
Answer:
occurs when closure of the abdominal wall in incomplete and the abdominal viscera hernia into a
ventral membranous sac
Question:
5. Gastroschisis
Answer:
congenital fissure of the abdominal wall not at the umbilicus; no membranous sac
Question:
6. true diverticulum
Answer:
-blind out pouching of the GI tract that communicated with the lumen and includes all three layers of
the bowel wall -ex. Meckel diverticulum
Question:
7. Meckel diverticulum
Answer:
-true diverticulum which connects the lumen of the developing gut to the yolk sac -Rule of 2s
, Question:
8. Rule of 2's for meckel's diverticulum
Answer:
-2% of the population -2 feet proximal to the ileocecal valve -2 inches in length -2 years is the most
common age at clinical presentation -2:1 Male:Female ratio -2 types of ectopic tissue gastric and
pancreatic
Question:
9. Hirschsprung disease
Answer:
-absent ganglion cells in submucosal/myenteric plexus -dilation proximal to the affected segment
Question:
10. Nutcracker esophagus
Answer:
-high amplitude contractions of the distal esophagus that are due to the loss of normal coordination of
the inner circular layer and the outer longitudinal layer of smooth muscle contractions
Question:
11. Zenker diverticulum
Answer:
located immediately above the upper esophageal sphincter; typically develop after 50
Question:
12. Esophageal mucosal webs
Answer:
-ledge-like protrusions of mucosa that may cause obstruction -semi-circumferential lesions that
protrude less than 5mm and have a thickness of 2-4mm and are composed of fibrovascular CT with
overlying epithelium -may be associated with gastroesophageal reflux, graft vs host disease, or
blistering skin diseases
Question:
13. Schatzki ring
Answer:
-esophageal rings circumferential, thicken, include mucosa, submucosa, and hypertrophic muscular
propria -A rings and B rings
Question:
14. A rings
Answer:
-Schatzki rings
Question:
15. B rings
Answer:
-Schatzki rings -at squamocolumnar junction -gastric cardia mucosa
ANSWERS
Question:
1. Crohn's disease
Answer:
-a chronic autoimmune disorder that is most often found in the ileum and in the colon -skip lesions,
strictures -transmural inflammation -deep ulcerations -fissures -cobblestone mucosa with serpentine
ulcers -creeping fat
Question:
2. ulcerative colitis (UC)
Answer:
-a chronic condition of unknown cause in which repeated episodes of inflammation in the rectum and
large intestine cause ulcers and irritation -pseudopolyps -superficial, broad-based ulcers
- only the colon
Question:
3. esophageal atresia
Answer:
-a thin, noncanalized cord replaces a segment of esophagus, causing a mechanical obstruction -most
common near the tracheal bifurcation and usually associated with a fistula connecting the upper or
lower esophageal pouches to a bronchus or the trachea
Question:
4. omphalocele
Answer:
occurs when closure of the abdominal wall in incomplete and the abdominal viscera hernia into a
ventral membranous sac
Question:
5. Gastroschisis
Answer:
congenital fissure of the abdominal wall not at the umbilicus; no membranous sac
Question:
6. true diverticulum
Answer:
-blind out pouching of the GI tract that communicated with the lumen and includes all three layers of
the bowel wall -ex. Meckel diverticulum
Question:
7. Meckel diverticulum
Answer:
-true diverticulum which connects the lumen of the developing gut to the yolk sac -Rule of 2s
, Question:
8. Rule of 2's for meckel's diverticulum
Answer:
-2% of the population -2 feet proximal to the ileocecal valve -2 inches in length -2 years is the most
common age at clinical presentation -2:1 Male:Female ratio -2 types of ectopic tissue gastric and
pancreatic
Question:
9. Hirschsprung disease
Answer:
-absent ganglion cells in submucosal/myenteric plexus -dilation proximal to the affected segment
Question:
10. Nutcracker esophagus
Answer:
-high amplitude contractions of the distal esophagus that are due to the loss of normal coordination of
the inner circular layer and the outer longitudinal layer of smooth muscle contractions
Question:
11. Zenker diverticulum
Answer:
located immediately above the upper esophageal sphincter; typically develop after 50
Question:
12. Esophageal mucosal webs
Answer:
-ledge-like protrusions of mucosa that may cause obstruction -semi-circumferential lesions that
protrude less than 5mm and have a thickness of 2-4mm and are composed of fibrovascular CT with
overlying epithelium -may be associated with gastroesophageal reflux, graft vs host disease, or
blistering skin diseases
Question:
13. Schatzki ring
Answer:
-esophageal rings circumferential, thicken, include mucosa, submucosa, and hypertrophic muscular
propria -A rings and B rings
Question:
14. A rings
Answer:
-Schatzki rings
Question:
15. B rings
Answer:
-Schatzki rings -at squamocolumnar junction -gastric cardia mucosa
