INSTAND 426
Mykobakteriendiagnostik -
Molekulare
Empfindlichkeitsprüfung von
Tuberkulosebakterien Exam
,INSTAND 426 Mykobakteriendiagnostik - Molekulare Empfindlichkeitsprüfung von Tuberkulosebakterien Exam
Question 1
Which expression belongs in the gap without changing the scientific meaning? “Biosafety
Level 3 (BSL-3 / S3) ____ (MTBC)”
A. containment standards for handling Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex
B. quality control of DNA templates
C. nucleic acid extraction protocols
D. Sample preparation
Correct Answer: A
Full Explanation:
Biosafety Level 3 (BSL-3 / S3) containment standards for handling Mycobacterium tuberculosis
complex (MTBC). The missing expression must fit this particular analytical context, not simply name
another relevant laboratory topic.
Question 2
Consider the incomplete statements I. “Target gene: rrs (16S rRNA gene, e.g., ____, 1402,
and 1484)” and II. “Identification and handling of heteroresistance (____)”. The proposed
replacements are “co-existence of wild-type and mutant bacterial subpopulations” for I
and “nucleotide positions 1401” for II. What correction is required?
A. Use the replacement proposed for I in both statements.
B. Exchange the two proposed replacements.
C. Retain both proposed replacements.
D. Use the replacement proposed for II in both statements.
Correct Answer: B
Full Explanation:
Target gene: rrs (16S rRNA gene, e.g., nucleotide positions 1401, 1402, and 1484). Identification and
handling of heteroresistance (co-existence of wild-type and mutant bacterial subpopulations).
Exchanging the proposed replacements restores both statements without confusing their technical
roles.
Question 3
Which replacement plan keeps both statements technically consistent? Statement I:
“Second-Line Antituberculosis Drugs: Target Genes and ____” Statement II: “____ (e.g.,
GenoType MTBDRplus) and second-line (e.g., GenoType MTBDRsl) tests”
A. I uses Reverse hybridization techniques for first-line; II uses Mutation Profiles.
B. I uses Mutation Profiles; II uses Reverse hybridization techniques for first-line.
C. Both statements use Mutation Profiles.
D. Both statements use Reverse hybridization techniques for first-line.
Correct Answer: B
Full Explanation:
Second-Line Antituberculosis Drugs: Target Genes and Mutation Profiles. Reverse hybridization
techniques for first-line (e.g., GenoType MTBDRplus) and second-line (e.g., GenoType MTBDRsl)
tests. A shared general subject does not make the missing expressions interchangeable.
Questions and explanations Page 2
,INSTAND 426 Mykobakteriendiagnostik - Molekulare Empfindlichkeitsprüfung von Tuberkulosebakterien Exam
Question 4
Which summary retains both distinct assessment objectives, “Identification and
differentiation of wild-type strains versus strains harboring resistance-associated
mutations” and “Quinolone Resistance-Determining Regions (QRDR)”?
A. gyrA codons 88, 90, 91, and 94; gyrB codons 500–540, used as the meaning of both objectives.
B. RAMs, together with gyrA codons 88, 90, 91, and 94; gyrB codons 500–540.
C. gyrA codons 88, 90, 91, and 94; gyrB codons 500–540 assigned to Identification and differentiation
of wild-type strains versus strains harboring resistance-associated mutations, and RAMs assigned to
Quinolone Resistance-Determining Regions (QRDR).
D. RAMs, used as the meaning of both objectives.
Correct Answer: B
Full Explanation:
Identification and differentiation of wild-type strains versus strains harboring resistance-associated
mutations is associated with RAMs. Quinolone Resistance-Determining Regions (QRDR): gyrA codons
88, 90, 91, and 94; gyrB codons 500–540. Retaining two objectives means preserving both
considerations, rather than repeating one or reversing their assignments.
Question 5
Identify the statement requiring a technical correction. I. “Chromosomal nature of drug
resistance mechanisms (absence of horizontal gene transfer via plasmids in MTBC)” II.
“Biosafety Level 3 (BSL-3 / S3) containment standards for handling Mycobacterium
tuberculosis complex (MTBC)” III. “Target gene: pncA (pyrazinamidase/nicotinamidase)
and its regulatory region”
A. Statement III.
B. No correction is required.
C. Statement II.
D. Statement I.
Correct Answer: B
Full Explanation:
Chromosomal nature of drug resistance mechanisms (absence of horizontal gene transfer via
plasmids in MTBC). Biosafety Level 3 (BSL-3 / S3) containment standards for handling Mycobacterium
tuberculosis complex (MTBC). Target gene: pncA (pyrazinamidase/nicotinamidase) and its regulatory
region. Each note retains its appropriate expression, so none requires correction.
Questions and explanations Page 3
, INSTAND 426 Mykobakteriendiagnostik - Molekulare Empfindlichkeitsprüfung von Tuberkulosebakterien Exam
Question 6
Which requirement belongs most directly with “Target gene”?
A. Rifampicin Resistance-Determining Region (RRDR, codons 426–452 / amino acids 507–533)
B. Target Genes and Mutation Profiles
C. eis promoter (associated with kanamycin and low-level amikacin resistance, e.g., c-12t, g-10a)
D. pncA (pyrazinamidase/nicotinamidase) and its regulatory region
Correct Answer: D
Full Explanation:
Target gene: pncA (pyrazinamidase/nicotinamidase) and its regulatory region. This distinction
determines what is being assessed; exchanging it with another measurement or review objective
changes the question.
Question 7
Select the missing expression in this analytical description: “Major codon involved: ____”
A. High-level resistance target gene
B. Ser315Thr (S315T)
C. katG (catalase-peroxidase enzyme)
D. catalase-peroxidase enzyme
Correct Answer: B
Full Explanation:
Major codon involved: Ser315Thr (S315T). The missing expression must fit this particular analytical
context, not simply name another relevant laboratory topic.
Question 8
Evaluate these two technical associations. I. Specimen integrity: Differentiation of
genetic variants within the target organism or analyte group. II. Genotyping:
Differentiation of genetic variants within the target organism or analyte group. Which
assessment is correct?
A. Both associations are correct.
B. Neither association is correct.
C. Only association I is correct.
D. Only association II is correct.
Correct Answer: D
Full Explanation:
Specimen integrity is checked before interpreting the numerical result as analytically meaningful;
later calculations cannot reconstruct an unsuitable original specimen. Genotyping addresses genetic
identity or variation; demonstrating the presence of a target is a related but different analytical
question. Each association requires an independent check; the two labels do not have
interchangeable meanings.
Questions and explanations Page 4
Mykobakteriendiagnostik -
Molekulare
Empfindlichkeitsprüfung von
Tuberkulosebakterien Exam
,INSTAND 426 Mykobakteriendiagnostik - Molekulare Empfindlichkeitsprüfung von Tuberkulosebakterien Exam
Question 1
Which expression belongs in the gap without changing the scientific meaning? “Biosafety
Level 3 (BSL-3 / S3) ____ (MTBC)”
A. containment standards for handling Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex
B. quality control of DNA templates
C. nucleic acid extraction protocols
D. Sample preparation
Correct Answer: A
Full Explanation:
Biosafety Level 3 (BSL-3 / S3) containment standards for handling Mycobacterium tuberculosis
complex (MTBC). The missing expression must fit this particular analytical context, not simply name
another relevant laboratory topic.
Question 2
Consider the incomplete statements I. “Target gene: rrs (16S rRNA gene, e.g., ____, 1402,
and 1484)” and II. “Identification and handling of heteroresistance (____)”. The proposed
replacements are “co-existence of wild-type and mutant bacterial subpopulations” for I
and “nucleotide positions 1401” for II. What correction is required?
A. Use the replacement proposed for I in both statements.
B. Exchange the two proposed replacements.
C. Retain both proposed replacements.
D. Use the replacement proposed for II in both statements.
Correct Answer: B
Full Explanation:
Target gene: rrs (16S rRNA gene, e.g., nucleotide positions 1401, 1402, and 1484). Identification and
handling of heteroresistance (co-existence of wild-type and mutant bacterial subpopulations).
Exchanging the proposed replacements restores both statements without confusing their technical
roles.
Question 3
Which replacement plan keeps both statements technically consistent? Statement I:
“Second-Line Antituberculosis Drugs: Target Genes and ____” Statement II: “____ (e.g.,
GenoType MTBDRplus) and second-line (e.g., GenoType MTBDRsl) tests”
A. I uses Reverse hybridization techniques for first-line; II uses Mutation Profiles.
B. I uses Mutation Profiles; II uses Reverse hybridization techniques for first-line.
C. Both statements use Mutation Profiles.
D. Both statements use Reverse hybridization techniques for first-line.
Correct Answer: B
Full Explanation:
Second-Line Antituberculosis Drugs: Target Genes and Mutation Profiles. Reverse hybridization
techniques for first-line (e.g., GenoType MTBDRplus) and second-line (e.g., GenoType MTBDRsl)
tests. A shared general subject does not make the missing expressions interchangeable.
Questions and explanations Page 2
,INSTAND 426 Mykobakteriendiagnostik - Molekulare Empfindlichkeitsprüfung von Tuberkulosebakterien Exam
Question 4
Which summary retains both distinct assessment objectives, “Identification and
differentiation of wild-type strains versus strains harboring resistance-associated
mutations” and “Quinolone Resistance-Determining Regions (QRDR)”?
A. gyrA codons 88, 90, 91, and 94; gyrB codons 500–540, used as the meaning of both objectives.
B. RAMs, together with gyrA codons 88, 90, 91, and 94; gyrB codons 500–540.
C. gyrA codons 88, 90, 91, and 94; gyrB codons 500–540 assigned to Identification and differentiation
of wild-type strains versus strains harboring resistance-associated mutations, and RAMs assigned to
Quinolone Resistance-Determining Regions (QRDR).
D. RAMs, used as the meaning of both objectives.
Correct Answer: B
Full Explanation:
Identification and differentiation of wild-type strains versus strains harboring resistance-associated
mutations is associated with RAMs. Quinolone Resistance-Determining Regions (QRDR): gyrA codons
88, 90, 91, and 94; gyrB codons 500–540. Retaining two objectives means preserving both
considerations, rather than repeating one or reversing their assignments.
Question 5
Identify the statement requiring a technical correction. I. “Chromosomal nature of drug
resistance mechanisms (absence of horizontal gene transfer via plasmids in MTBC)” II.
“Biosafety Level 3 (BSL-3 / S3) containment standards for handling Mycobacterium
tuberculosis complex (MTBC)” III. “Target gene: pncA (pyrazinamidase/nicotinamidase)
and its regulatory region”
A. Statement III.
B. No correction is required.
C. Statement II.
D. Statement I.
Correct Answer: B
Full Explanation:
Chromosomal nature of drug resistance mechanisms (absence of horizontal gene transfer via
plasmids in MTBC). Biosafety Level 3 (BSL-3 / S3) containment standards for handling Mycobacterium
tuberculosis complex (MTBC). Target gene: pncA (pyrazinamidase/nicotinamidase) and its regulatory
region. Each note retains its appropriate expression, so none requires correction.
Questions and explanations Page 3
, INSTAND 426 Mykobakteriendiagnostik - Molekulare Empfindlichkeitsprüfung von Tuberkulosebakterien Exam
Question 6
Which requirement belongs most directly with “Target gene”?
A. Rifampicin Resistance-Determining Region (RRDR, codons 426–452 / amino acids 507–533)
B. Target Genes and Mutation Profiles
C. eis promoter (associated with kanamycin and low-level amikacin resistance, e.g., c-12t, g-10a)
D. pncA (pyrazinamidase/nicotinamidase) and its regulatory region
Correct Answer: D
Full Explanation:
Target gene: pncA (pyrazinamidase/nicotinamidase) and its regulatory region. This distinction
determines what is being assessed; exchanging it with another measurement or review objective
changes the question.
Question 7
Select the missing expression in this analytical description: “Major codon involved: ____”
A. High-level resistance target gene
B. Ser315Thr (S315T)
C. katG (catalase-peroxidase enzyme)
D. catalase-peroxidase enzyme
Correct Answer: B
Full Explanation:
Major codon involved: Ser315Thr (S315T). The missing expression must fit this particular analytical
context, not simply name another relevant laboratory topic.
Question 8
Evaluate these two technical associations. I. Specimen integrity: Differentiation of
genetic variants within the target organism or analyte group. II. Genotyping:
Differentiation of genetic variants within the target organism or analyte group. Which
assessment is correct?
A. Both associations are correct.
B. Neither association is correct.
C. Only association I is correct.
D. Only association II is correct.
Correct Answer: D
Full Explanation:
Specimen integrity is checked before interpreting the numerical result as analytically meaningful;
later calculations cannot reconstruct an unsuitable original specimen. Genotyping addresses genetic
identity or variation; demonstrating the presence of a target is a related but different analytical
question. Each association requires an independent check; the two labels do not have
interchangeable meanings.
Questions and explanations Page 4
