Joyce NUR 198 Adult Health Nursing I: Practice Test 1 (Units
1-7) - Questions with Correct Answers
100 questions
1. Urinary incontinence in older adults is:
A. A normal aging change requiring no assessment
B. Always permanent
C. Caused only by dementia
D. Common but not a normal part of aging, and it should be evaluated
Correct Answer: D. Common but not a normal part of aging, and it should be evaluated
Rationale: Incontinence has treatable causes such as UTI, medications and constipation. It affects dignity
and increases fall and skin breakdown risk.
2. Pneumococcal vaccination is recommended for:
A. Only children
B. All adults 50 years or older and younger adults with certain chronic conditions
C. Only health care workers
D. Only pregnant women
Correct Answer: B. All adults 50 years or older and younger adults with certain chronic
conditions
Rationale: CDC guidance (updated 2024) lowered the routine age to 50, and chronic conditions such as
COPD and diabetes increase risk. Vaccination prevents pneumonia and invasive disease.
3. Sundowning in clients with dementia refers to:
A. Improved alertness at night
B. Sleeping only during the day
C. A side effect of sunlight
D. Increased confusion and agitation in the late afternoon or evening
Correct Answer: D. Increased confusion and agitation in the late afternoon or evening
Rationale: Fatigue, low light and disrupted routines contribute to sundowning. Adequate lighting and
structured routines help.
,4. Fall prevention strategies for hospitalized older adults include:
A. Keeping the bed in the lowest position, using nonskid footwear and scheduled toileting
B. Using all four side rails
C. Restraining confused clients
D. Dim lighting at night
Correct Answer: A. Keeping the bed in the lowest position, using nonskid footwear and
scheduled toileting
Rationale: Many falls occur during unassisted trips to the bathroom. Four side rails and restraints
increase injury risk.
5. Frailty in older adults is characterized by:
A. High energy
B. Weight loss, weakness, exhaustion, slow walking speed and low activity
C. Increased muscle mass
D. Fast gait
Correct Answer: B. Weight loss, weakness, exhaustion, slow walking speed and low activity
Rationale: Frailty increases risk of falls, hospitalization and death. Exercise and nutrition can improve it.
6. Older adults are at increased risk of dehydration because of:
A. Increased thirst
B. More body water
C. Higher fluid intake
D. A decreased thirst response and reduced kidney concentrating ability
Correct Answer: D. A decreased thirst response and reduced kidney concentrating ability
Rationale: Total body water decreases with age, and older adults may limit fluids due to incontinence.
Offering fluids regularly helps.
7. Polypharmacy is generally defined as:
A. Taking one medication
B. The use of five or more medications
C. Taking only herbal products
D. Taking medications twice a day
Correct Answer: B. The use of five or more medications
Rationale: Multiple medications increase the risk of interactions, nonadherence and falls. Medication
reconciliation helps reduce unnecessary drugs.
, 8. A chronic illness is best defined as a condition that:
A. Resolves within 2 weeks
B. Is always fatal
C. Affects only older adults
D. Lasts 3 months or longer and often requires ongoing management
Correct Answer: D. Lasts 3 months or longer and often requires ongoing management
Rationale: Chronic conditions such as diabetes or COPD persist and need long-term self-management.
They occur at any age and are not necessarily fatal.
9. A client with a chronic illness says, 'I'm tired of taking all these pills.' The nurse should first:
A. Explore the client's concerns and barriers to adherence
B. Tell the client to stop complaining
C. Notify the provider to discontinue all medications
D. Ignore the statement
Correct Answer: A. Explore the client's concerns and barriers to adherence
Rationale: Understanding side effects, costs or beliefs helps address nonadherence. Dismissing
concerns leads to stopping medications without guidance.
10. A client with a chronic illness wants to try an alternative therapy. The nurse should:
A. Forbid the therapy
B. Ignore the request
C. Recommend stopping prescribed medications
D. Discuss safety and possible interactions and encourage informing the provider
Correct Answer: D. Discuss safety and possible interactions and encourage informing the
provider
Rationale: Respecting preferences while ensuring safety supports autonomy. Some herbs interact with
prescribed drugs.
1-7) - Questions with Correct Answers
100 questions
1. Urinary incontinence in older adults is:
A. A normal aging change requiring no assessment
B. Always permanent
C. Caused only by dementia
D. Common but not a normal part of aging, and it should be evaluated
Correct Answer: D. Common but not a normal part of aging, and it should be evaluated
Rationale: Incontinence has treatable causes such as UTI, medications and constipation. It affects dignity
and increases fall and skin breakdown risk.
2. Pneumococcal vaccination is recommended for:
A. Only children
B. All adults 50 years or older and younger adults with certain chronic conditions
C. Only health care workers
D. Only pregnant women
Correct Answer: B. All adults 50 years or older and younger adults with certain chronic
conditions
Rationale: CDC guidance (updated 2024) lowered the routine age to 50, and chronic conditions such as
COPD and diabetes increase risk. Vaccination prevents pneumonia and invasive disease.
3. Sundowning in clients with dementia refers to:
A. Improved alertness at night
B. Sleeping only during the day
C. A side effect of sunlight
D. Increased confusion and agitation in the late afternoon or evening
Correct Answer: D. Increased confusion and agitation in the late afternoon or evening
Rationale: Fatigue, low light and disrupted routines contribute to sundowning. Adequate lighting and
structured routines help.
,4. Fall prevention strategies for hospitalized older adults include:
A. Keeping the bed in the lowest position, using nonskid footwear and scheduled toileting
B. Using all four side rails
C. Restraining confused clients
D. Dim lighting at night
Correct Answer: A. Keeping the bed in the lowest position, using nonskid footwear and
scheduled toileting
Rationale: Many falls occur during unassisted trips to the bathroom. Four side rails and restraints
increase injury risk.
5. Frailty in older adults is characterized by:
A. High energy
B. Weight loss, weakness, exhaustion, slow walking speed and low activity
C. Increased muscle mass
D. Fast gait
Correct Answer: B. Weight loss, weakness, exhaustion, slow walking speed and low activity
Rationale: Frailty increases risk of falls, hospitalization and death. Exercise and nutrition can improve it.
6. Older adults are at increased risk of dehydration because of:
A. Increased thirst
B. More body water
C. Higher fluid intake
D. A decreased thirst response and reduced kidney concentrating ability
Correct Answer: D. A decreased thirst response and reduced kidney concentrating ability
Rationale: Total body water decreases with age, and older adults may limit fluids due to incontinence.
Offering fluids regularly helps.
7. Polypharmacy is generally defined as:
A. Taking one medication
B. The use of five or more medications
C. Taking only herbal products
D. Taking medications twice a day
Correct Answer: B. The use of five or more medications
Rationale: Multiple medications increase the risk of interactions, nonadherence and falls. Medication
reconciliation helps reduce unnecessary drugs.
, 8. A chronic illness is best defined as a condition that:
A. Resolves within 2 weeks
B. Is always fatal
C. Affects only older adults
D. Lasts 3 months or longer and often requires ongoing management
Correct Answer: D. Lasts 3 months or longer and often requires ongoing management
Rationale: Chronic conditions such as diabetes or COPD persist and need long-term self-management.
They occur at any age and are not necessarily fatal.
9. A client with a chronic illness says, 'I'm tired of taking all these pills.' The nurse should first:
A. Explore the client's concerns and barriers to adherence
B. Tell the client to stop complaining
C. Notify the provider to discontinue all medications
D. Ignore the statement
Correct Answer: A. Explore the client's concerns and barriers to adherence
Rationale: Understanding side effects, costs or beliefs helps address nonadherence. Dismissing
concerns leads to stopping medications without guidance.
10. A client with a chronic illness wants to try an alternative therapy. The nurse should:
A. Forbid the therapy
B. Ignore the request
C. Recommend stopping prescribed medications
D. Discuss safety and possible interactions and encourage informing the provider
Correct Answer: D. Discuss safety and possible interactions and encourage informing the
provider
Rationale: Respecting preferences while ensuring safety supports autonomy. Some herbs interact with
prescribed drugs.
