BSC 2085C Pre-Post Test Anatomy & Physiology I Keiser University Actual Exam
2026/2027 – Complete Assessment with Detailed Rationales | 100% Verified | Pass
Guaranteed – A+ Graded
Sections: A) Body Organization, Homeostasis & Anatomical Terminology (Q1–Q8) | B)
Chemistry, Cells & Cellular Metabolism (Q9–Q16) | C) Histology & Integumentary
System (Q17–Q24) | D) Skeletal System & Articulations (Q25–Q34) | E) Muscular
System & Muscle Physiology (Q35–Q44) | F) Nervous System & Neural Tissue
(Q45–Q52) | G) Brain, Cranial Nerves & Autonomic Nervous System (Q53–Q60)
Section A: Body Organization, Homeostasis & Anatomical Terminology
Q1: Which description correctly defines the anatomical position?
A. Lying supine with legs elevated and palms facing posteriorly
B. Prone with arms extended overhead and legs together
C. Standing erect, facing forward, arms at the sides, with palms facing anteriorly
[CORRECT]
D. Seated upright with forearms crossed over the chest
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The anatomical position is the universal reference—upright, face forward,
arms at the sides with palms anterior—so all directional terms are interpreted from this
stance. The other options describe nonstandard positions or reversed palm orientation.
Q2: A surgeon makes an incision along a midsagittal (median) plane. Which division of
the body results?
A. Superior and inferior portions
B. Anterior and posterior portions
C. Equal right and left halves [CORRECT]
D. Unequal right and left portions at an angle
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A midsagittal plane runs vertically down the midline, splitting the body into
equal right and left halves. Transverse planes divide superior/inferior, frontal (coronal)
planes divide anterior/posterior, and parasagittal planes create unequal halves.
,Q3: During a physical assessment, a student documents that the wrist is located relative
to the elbow. Which directional term is correct?
A. Proximal
B. Distal [CORRECT]
C. Medial
D. Superficial
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Distal means farther from the trunk attachment point of a limb, and the wrist
lies farther from the shoulder than the elbow. Proximal is the reverse relationship, while
medial and superficial do not describe position along the limb's long axis.
Q4: On a hot day, a patient's body temperature rises above the set point, sweat glands
activate, and evaporative cooling returns temperature to normal. This regulatory
mechanism is an example of:
A. A positive feedback loop that amplifies the deviation
B. A negative feedback loop that reverses the deviation from the set point [CORRECT]
C. A homeostatic imbalance requiring medical intervention
D. A feed-forward mechanism that eliminates all variation in body temperature
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Negative feedback detects a deviation and initiates responses that reverse it
toward the set point, as sweating does for hyperthermia. Positive feedback amplifies
change instead of correcting it, and normal thermoregulation is not a pathological
imbalance.
Q5: Which statement best defines homeostasis?
A. A rigid state in which internal conditions never change
B. Maintenance of a relatively stable internal environment despite fluctuations in the
external environment [CORRECT]
C. Progressive amplification of all physiological variables during stress
D. A disease process in which organ systems lose the ability to respond to stimuli
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Homeostasis is dynamic equilibrium—internal conditions fluctuate within a
narrow range around a set point rather than remaining absolutely constant.
Amplification describes positive feedback, and failure to respond indicates disease, not
homeostasis.
Q6: A patient presents with right upper quadrant (RUQ) pain radiating to the right
shoulder after a fatty meal. Which organs most likely underlie the complaint?
A. Appendix and right ovary
B. Spleen and stomach body
, C. Liver and gallbladder [CORRECT]
D. Sigmoid colon and urinary bladder
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The RUQ houses most of the liver and gallbladder; postprandial RUQ pain
radiating to the shoulder classically suggests biliary colic. The appendix and right ovary
are RLQ structures, the spleen is LUQ, and the sigmoid colon and bladder lie in the lower
abdomen/pelvis.
Q7: Diagnostic imaging reveals fluid accumulating between the visceral and parietal
layers of the serous membrane surrounding the heart. In which space is the fluid
located?
A. Pleural cavity
B. Peritoneal cavity
C. Pericardial cavity [CORRECT]
D. Vertebral canal
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The pericardial cavity lies between the visceral and parietal layers of the
pericardium and normally contains a small volume of serous fluid. The pleural cavity
surrounds the lungs and the peritoneal cavity lines the abdominopelvic viscera.
Q8: During labor, uterine contractions stimulate oxytocin release, which intensifies
contractions further until delivery occurs. Which classification and reasoning are
correct?
A. Negative feedback, because contractions eventually stop after birth
B. Positive feedback, because the response reinforces and amplifies the original
stimulus until an endpoint is reached [CORRECT]
C. Negative feedback, because oxytocin lowers uterine activity
D. Homeostatic imbalance, because labor represents a failure of all control systems
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Positive feedback intensifies the original stimulus in a self-reinforcing
cascade that culminates in a defined endpoint—in this case, childbirth. Labor is a
normal physiological process, and oxytocin increases rather than decreases uterine
contractility.
Section B: Chemistry, Cells & Cellular Metabolism
Q9: Which statement correctly describes the pH scale?
2026/2027 – Complete Assessment with Detailed Rationales | 100% Verified | Pass
Guaranteed – A+ Graded
Sections: A) Body Organization, Homeostasis & Anatomical Terminology (Q1–Q8) | B)
Chemistry, Cells & Cellular Metabolism (Q9–Q16) | C) Histology & Integumentary
System (Q17–Q24) | D) Skeletal System & Articulations (Q25–Q34) | E) Muscular
System & Muscle Physiology (Q35–Q44) | F) Nervous System & Neural Tissue
(Q45–Q52) | G) Brain, Cranial Nerves & Autonomic Nervous System (Q53–Q60)
Section A: Body Organization, Homeostasis & Anatomical Terminology
Q1: Which description correctly defines the anatomical position?
A. Lying supine with legs elevated and palms facing posteriorly
B. Prone with arms extended overhead and legs together
C. Standing erect, facing forward, arms at the sides, with palms facing anteriorly
[CORRECT]
D. Seated upright with forearms crossed over the chest
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The anatomical position is the universal reference—upright, face forward,
arms at the sides with palms anterior—so all directional terms are interpreted from this
stance. The other options describe nonstandard positions or reversed palm orientation.
Q2: A surgeon makes an incision along a midsagittal (median) plane. Which division of
the body results?
A. Superior and inferior portions
B. Anterior and posterior portions
C. Equal right and left halves [CORRECT]
D. Unequal right and left portions at an angle
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A midsagittal plane runs vertically down the midline, splitting the body into
equal right and left halves. Transverse planes divide superior/inferior, frontal (coronal)
planes divide anterior/posterior, and parasagittal planes create unequal halves.
,Q3: During a physical assessment, a student documents that the wrist is located relative
to the elbow. Which directional term is correct?
A. Proximal
B. Distal [CORRECT]
C. Medial
D. Superficial
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Distal means farther from the trunk attachment point of a limb, and the wrist
lies farther from the shoulder than the elbow. Proximal is the reverse relationship, while
medial and superficial do not describe position along the limb's long axis.
Q4: On a hot day, a patient's body temperature rises above the set point, sweat glands
activate, and evaporative cooling returns temperature to normal. This regulatory
mechanism is an example of:
A. A positive feedback loop that amplifies the deviation
B. A negative feedback loop that reverses the deviation from the set point [CORRECT]
C. A homeostatic imbalance requiring medical intervention
D. A feed-forward mechanism that eliminates all variation in body temperature
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Negative feedback detects a deviation and initiates responses that reverse it
toward the set point, as sweating does for hyperthermia. Positive feedback amplifies
change instead of correcting it, and normal thermoregulation is not a pathological
imbalance.
Q5: Which statement best defines homeostasis?
A. A rigid state in which internal conditions never change
B. Maintenance of a relatively stable internal environment despite fluctuations in the
external environment [CORRECT]
C. Progressive amplification of all physiological variables during stress
D. A disease process in which organ systems lose the ability to respond to stimuli
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Homeostasis is dynamic equilibrium—internal conditions fluctuate within a
narrow range around a set point rather than remaining absolutely constant.
Amplification describes positive feedback, and failure to respond indicates disease, not
homeostasis.
Q6: A patient presents with right upper quadrant (RUQ) pain radiating to the right
shoulder after a fatty meal. Which organs most likely underlie the complaint?
A. Appendix and right ovary
B. Spleen and stomach body
, C. Liver and gallbladder [CORRECT]
D. Sigmoid colon and urinary bladder
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The RUQ houses most of the liver and gallbladder; postprandial RUQ pain
radiating to the shoulder classically suggests biliary colic. The appendix and right ovary
are RLQ structures, the spleen is LUQ, and the sigmoid colon and bladder lie in the lower
abdomen/pelvis.
Q7: Diagnostic imaging reveals fluid accumulating between the visceral and parietal
layers of the serous membrane surrounding the heart. In which space is the fluid
located?
A. Pleural cavity
B. Peritoneal cavity
C. Pericardial cavity [CORRECT]
D. Vertebral canal
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The pericardial cavity lies between the visceral and parietal layers of the
pericardium and normally contains a small volume of serous fluid. The pleural cavity
surrounds the lungs and the peritoneal cavity lines the abdominopelvic viscera.
Q8: During labor, uterine contractions stimulate oxytocin release, which intensifies
contractions further until delivery occurs. Which classification and reasoning are
correct?
A. Negative feedback, because contractions eventually stop after birth
B. Positive feedback, because the response reinforces and amplifies the original
stimulus until an endpoint is reached [CORRECT]
C. Negative feedback, because oxytocin lowers uterine activity
D. Homeostatic imbalance, because labor represents a failure of all control systems
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Positive feedback intensifies the original stimulus in a self-reinforcing
cascade that culminates in a defined endpoint—in this case, childbirth. Labor is a
normal physiological process, and oxytocin increases rather than decreases uterine
contractility.
Section B: Chemistry, Cells & Cellular Metabolism
Q9: Which statement correctly describes the pH scale?
