Instructor Manual: Eckert, Linux+ and LPIC-1 Guide to Linux Certification, 9798214000800; Chapter 1: Introduction to Linux
Instructor Manual Chapter 1
Eckert, Linux+ and LPIC-1 Guide to Linux Certification, 9798214000800; Chapter 1:
Introduction to Linux
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Purpose and Perspective of the Chapter......................................................................3
Chapter Objectives........................................................................................................3
What's New in This Chapter........................................................................................3
Teaching Tips................................................................................................................4
Operating Systems..................................................................................................................................... 4
The Linux Operating System..................................................................................................................... 4
Versions of the Linux Operating System...............................................................................................4
Identifying Kernel Versions...................................................................................................................5
Licensing Linux..................................................................................................................................... 5
Linux Advantages.................................................................................................................................. 6
The History of Linux................................................................................................................................. 8
UNIX......................................................................................................................................................8
The Hacker Culture................................................................................................................................8
Linux...................................................................................................................................................... 8
Linux Distributions.................................................................................................................................... 9
Common Uses of Linux........................................................................................................................... 10
Workstations........................................................................................................................................ 10
Servers..................................................................................................................................................10
Supercomputers....................................................................................................................................12
Network Devices..................................................................................................................................13
Mobile and IoT Devices.......................................................................................................................14
Linux in the Cloud................................................................................................................................... 14
Defining the Cloud...............................................................................................................................14
Cloud Types......................................................................................................................................... 14
Cloud Delivery Models........................................................................................................................14
Understanding Cloud Workflows........................................................................................................15
Complete List of Chapter Activities and Assessments...............................................15
Print Only.................................................................................................................................................15
© 2024 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly 1
accessible website, in whole or in part.
, Instructor Manual: Eckert, Linux+ and LPIC-1 Guide to Linux Certification, 9798214000800; Chapter 1: Introduction to Linux
MindTap Only..........................................................................................................................................16
Instructor Resource/Supplements............................................................................................................ 16
Note About Hands-On Projects..................................................................................17
Note About Discovery Exercises.................................................................................17
Note About Live Virtual Machine Labs..................................................................... 17
Note About Simulation Labs......................................................................................18
Key Terms...................................................................................................................18
Discussion Questions..................................................................................................25
Additional Projects.....................................................................................................25
Appendix.....................................................................................................................26
Generic Rubrics....................................................................................................................................... 26
Standard Writing Rubric.......................................................................................................................... 26
Standard Discussion Rubric.....................................................................................................................27
© 2024 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly 2
accessible website, in whole or in part.
, Instructor Manual: Eckert, Linux+ and LPIC-1 Guide to Linux Certification, 9798214000800; Chapter 1: Introduction to Linux
PURPOSE AND PERSPECTIVE OF THE CHAPTER
Linux technical expertise is essential in today’s computer workplace as more and more companies switch
to Linux to meet their computing needs. Thus, it is important to understand how Linux can be used, what
benefits Linux offers to a company, and how Linux has developed and continues to develop. In the first
half of this chapter, you learn about OS terminology and features of the Linux OS, as well as the history
and development of Linux. Later in this chapter, you learn about the various types of Linux, as well as the
situations and environments in which Linux is used. Finally, you explore the ways that Linux can be
hosted in the cloud, as well as the process and technologies used to add web apps to cloud-based Linux
systems.
CHAPTER OBJECTIVES
The following objectives are addressed in this chapter:
1. Explain the purpose of an operating system.
2. Outline the key features of the Linux operating system.
3. Describe the origins of the Linux operating system.
4. Identify the characteristics of various Linux distributions and where to find them.
5. Explain the common uses of Linux in industry today.
6. Describe how Linux is used in the cloud.
WHAT'S NEW IN THIS CHAPTER
Read about updates and improvements in this chapter:
Content has been updated for currency.
The Common Uses of Linux section has been revamped to reflect current technologies, uses, as
well as virtualization and containers.
A new Linux in the Cloud section has been added to introduce core cloud terminology, as well as
discuss the role Linux plays within cloud environments and CD workflows.
TEACHING TIPS
Consider the following teaching tips when assigning this chapter to your students.
OPERATING SYSTEMS
1. As class begins, reassure students that you are here to help them understand technology. Many
less technically oriented students will feel intimidated by this course. Get off to a good start!
2. Also advise students that Chapter 1 contains a great deal of information designed to position
Linux and provide a solid concept base that will be expanded in later chapters. Some of this
information may already be familiar to students from previous courses, while other information
© 2024 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly 3
accessible website, in whole or in part.
, Instructor Manual: Eckert, Linux+ and LPIC-1 Guide to Linux Certification, 9798214000800; Chapter 1: Introduction to Linux
may be new. Remind students that they can easily refer to Chapter 1 as necessary throughout the
course.
3. Provide students with an overview of the common hardware components found in computers,
explaining the basic function of each. Be sure to concentrate on the PC architecture primarily but
outline how different systems differ in terms of common components.
4. Explain the concept of a software program, outlining the difference between a program and a
process.
5. Outline the purpose of an operating system (OS); explain the interaction that takes place between
an OS, applications, and computer hardware. Explain how users interact with each of these three
elements.
6. Explain why an OS uses device drivers.
7. Provide students with an overview of the different types of system interfaces commonly found in
OSs and how these environments can be accessed. Be sure to discuss user interfaces and
graphical user interfaces (GUI). Examples suitable for brief discussion are different graphical
desktop and command prompt user interfaces.
8. Explain the concept of system services, outlining some of the common services provided by
client and server systems. Examples suitable for brief discussion include file and print services,
and network services such as Domain Name Space (DNS) and Dynamic Host Configuration
Protocol (DHCP).
THE LINUX OPERATING SYSTEM
1. Provide students with a brief introduction to the Linux OS, outlining how the system can be used
to provide both client and server services to many simultaneous users.
Versions of the Linux Operating System
1. Provide students with an overview of the purpose and primary functions of the Linux kernel.
2. Explain the Linux kernel development process, emphasizing the importance of understanding
how different versions support different needs.
3. Emphasize that to take advantage of new technologies or to fix problems (also known as bugs)
related to your computer’s hardware, sometimes the kernel must be upgraded after installing
Linux.
4. Explain why a good understanding of a system’s hardware is important when determining which
kernel to use.
5. Mention that in some cases, updates in the form of a kernel module or a kernel patch can be used
to provide or fix hardware supported by the kernel.
Identifying Kernel Versions
1. Provide students with an overview of the Linux kernel version numbering system, outlining the
differences among major, minor, and revision numbers.
2. Explain the difference between development and production kernel versions. Be sure that
students recognize the importance of using only production kernel versions on all systems but
those used for testing purposes.
3. Use Table 1-1 to provide students with a basic overview of the Linux kernel version history,
outlining how the process now moves much faster due to the widespread business support and
larger development community that has grown with the popularity of Linux in the enterprise.
Licensing Linux
1. Provide students with an overview of the concept of open source software (OSS), explaining how
this development process differs from closed source alternatives.
© 2024 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly 4
accessible website, in whole or in part.
Instructor Manual Chapter 1
Eckert, Linux+ and LPIC-1 Guide to Linux Certification, 9798214000800; Chapter 1:
Introduction to Linux
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Purpose and Perspective of the Chapter......................................................................3
Chapter Objectives........................................................................................................3
What's New in This Chapter........................................................................................3
Teaching Tips................................................................................................................4
Operating Systems..................................................................................................................................... 4
The Linux Operating System..................................................................................................................... 4
Versions of the Linux Operating System...............................................................................................4
Identifying Kernel Versions...................................................................................................................5
Licensing Linux..................................................................................................................................... 5
Linux Advantages.................................................................................................................................. 6
The History of Linux................................................................................................................................. 8
UNIX......................................................................................................................................................8
The Hacker Culture................................................................................................................................8
Linux...................................................................................................................................................... 8
Linux Distributions.................................................................................................................................... 9
Common Uses of Linux........................................................................................................................... 10
Workstations........................................................................................................................................ 10
Servers..................................................................................................................................................10
Supercomputers....................................................................................................................................12
Network Devices..................................................................................................................................13
Mobile and IoT Devices.......................................................................................................................14
Linux in the Cloud................................................................................................................................... 14
Defining the Cloud...............................................................................................................................14
Cloud Types......................................................................................................................................... 14
Cloud Delivery Models........................................................................................................................14
Understanding Cloud Workflows........................................................................................................15
Complete List of Chapter Activities and Assessments...............................................15
Print Only.................................................................................................................................................15
© 2024 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly 1
accessible website, in whole or in part.
, Instructor Manual: Eckert, Linux+ and LPIC-1 Guide to Linux Certification, 9798214000800; Chapter 1: Introduction to Linux
MindTap Only..........................................................................................................................................16
Instructor Resource/Supplements............................................................................................................ 16
Note About Hands-On Projects..................................................................................17
Note About Discovery Exercises.................................................................................17
Note About Live Virtual Machine Labs..................................................................... 17
Note About Simulation Labs......................................................................................18
Key Terms...................................................................................................................18
Discussion Questions..................................................................................................25
Additional Projects.....................................................................................................25
Appendix.....................................................................................................................26
Generic Rubrics....................................................................................................................................... 26
Standard Writing Rubric.......................................................................................................................... 26
Standard Discussion Rubric.....................................................................................................................27
© 2024 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly 2
accessible website, in whole or in part.
, Instructor Manual: Eckert, Linux+ and LPIC-1 Guide to Linux Certification, 9798214000800; Chapter 1: Introduction to Linux
PURPOSE AND PERSPECTIVE OF THE CHAPTER
Linux technical expertise is essential in today’s computer workplace as more and more companies switch
to Linux to meet their computing needs. Thus, it is important to understand how Linux can be used, what
benefits Linux offers to a company, and how Linux has developed and continues to develop. In the first
half of this chapter, you learn about OS terminology and features of the Linux OS, as well as the history
and development of Linux. Later in this chapter, you learn about the various types of Linux, as well as the
situations and environments in which Linux is used. Finally, you explore the ways that Linux can be
hosted in the cloud, as well as the process and technologies used to add web apps to cloud-based Linux
systems.
CHAPTER OBJECTIVES
The following objectives are addressed in this chapter:
1. Explain the purpose of an operating system.
2. Outline the key features of the Linux operating system.
3. Describe the origins of the Linux operating system.
4. Identify the characteristics of various Linux distributions and where to find them.
5. Explain the common uses of Linux in industry today.
6. Describe how Linux is used in the cloud.
WHAT'S NEW IN THIS CHAPTER
Read about updates and improvements in this chapter:
Content has been updated for currency.
The Common Uses of Linux section has been revamped to reflect current technologies, uses, as
well as virtualization and containers.
A new Linux in the Cloud section has been added to introduce core cloud terminology, as well as
discuss the role Linux plays within cloud environments and CD workflows.
TEACHING TIPS
Consider the following teaching tips when assigning this chapter to your students.
OPERATING SYSTEMS
1. As class begins, reassure students that you are here to help them understand technology. Many
less technically oriented students will feel intimidated by this course. Get off to a good start!
2. Also advise students that Chapter 1 contains a great deal of information designed to position
Linux and provide a solid concept base that will be expanded in later chapters. Some of this
information may already be familiar to students from previous courses, while other information
© 2024 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly 3
accessible website, in whole or in part.
, Instructor Manual: Eckert, Linux+ and LPIC-1 Guide to Linux Certification, 9798214000800; Chapter 1: Introduction to Linux
may be new. Remind students that they can easily refer to Chapter 1 as necessary throughout the
course.
3. Provide students with an overview of the common hardware components found in computers,
explaining the basic function of each. Be sure to concentrate on the PC architecture primarily but
outline how different systems differ in terms of common components.
4. Explain the concept of a software program, outlining the difference between a program and a
process.
5. Outline the purpose of an operating system (OS); explain the interaction that takes place between
an OS, applications, and computer hardware. Explain how users interact with each of these three
elements.
6. Explain why an OS uses device drivers.
7. Provide students with an overview of the different types of system interfaces commonly found in
OSs and how these environments can be accessed. Be sure to discuss user interfaces and
graphical user interfaces (GUI). Examples suitable for brief discussion are different graphical
desktop and command prompt user interfaces.
8. Explain the concept of system services, outlining some of the common services provided by
client and server systems. Examples suitable for brief discussion include file and print services,
and network services such as Domain Name Space (DNS) and Dynamic Host Configuration
Protocol (DHCP).
THE LINUX OPERATING SYSTEM
1. Provide students with a brief introduction to the Linux OS, outlining how the system can be used
to provide both client and server services to many simultaneous users.
Versions of the Linux Operating System
1. Provide students with an overview of the purpose and primary functions of the Linux kernel.
2. Explain the Linux kernel development process, emphasizing the importance of understanding
how different versions support different needs.
3. Emphasize that to take advantage of new technologies or to fix problems (also known as bugs)
related to your computer’s hardware, sometimes the kernel must be upgraded after installing
Linux.
4. Explain why a good understanding of a system’s hardware is important when determining which
kernel to use.
5. Mention that in some cases, updates in the form of a kernel module or a kernel patch can be used
to provide or fix hardware supported by the kernel.
Identifying Kernel Versions
1. Provide students with an overview of the Linux kernel version numbering system, outlining the
differences among major, minor, and revision numbers.
2. Explain the difference between development and production kernel versions. Be sure that
students recognize the importance of using only production kernel versions on all systems but
those used for testing purposes.
3. Use Table 1-1 to provide students with a basic overview of the Linux kernel version history,
outlining how the process now moves much faster due to the widespread business support and
larger development community that has grown with the popularity of Linux in the enterprise.
Licensing Linux
1. Provide students with an overview of the concept of open source software (OSS), explaining how
this development process differs from closed source alternatives.
© 2024 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly 4
accessible website, in whole or in part.
