D278 SCRIPTING AND PROGRAMMING
FOUNDATIONS MASTERY
ASSESSMENT QUESTIONS WITH
VERIFIED ANSWERS 2026/2027
1. Which phase of the Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) involves creating the
‘Software Requirement Specification’ (SRS) document?
A. Design
B. Analysis
C. Implementation
D. Maintenance
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: The Analysis phase focuses on gathering requirements and
defining what the system should do, resulting in the SRS document.
2. In the context of programming, how does a compiler differ from an interpreter?
A. An interpreter translates the entire program before execution, while a compiler
translates line-by-line.
,B. A compiler translates the entire source code into machine code before execution,
whereas an interpreter translates and executes it line-by-line.
C. Compilers are only used for high-level languages, while interpreters are for low-level
languages.
D. There is no functional difference; the terms are used interchangeably.
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Compilers generate an executable file by processing the whole
code at once; interpreters translate and run the code incrementally during runtime.
3. What is the primary characteristic of the Waterfall model in software development?
A. An iterative process where phases overlap.
B. A linear, sequential approach where each phase must be completed before the next
begins.
C. A methodology that prioritizes customer feedback over planning.
D. A process that skips the design phase to speed up implementation.
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: The Waterfall model is a rigid, linear structure where
development flows downward through phases like a waterfall.
4. In a flowchart, what does a diamond-shaped symbol represent?
A. Start/End (Terminator)
, B. Decision or Conditional Branch
C. Input/Output
D. Process or Assignment
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: The diamond symbol in a flowchart represents a decision point
where the flow splits based on a true/false condition.
5. What is the result of the expression (10 + 5) * in most programming languages?
A. 4
B. 12
C. 6
D. 15
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: Using PEMDAS/BODMAS: (10+5)=15; 15*2=30; 30/5=6.
6. Which of the following is a valid identifier (variable name) in most programming
languages?
A. 2nd_value
B. total-amount
C. class
FOUNDATIONS MASTERY
ASSESSMENT QUESTIONS WITH
VERIFIED ANSWERS 2026/2027
1. Which phase of the Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) involves creating the
‘Software Requirement Specification’ (SRS) document?
A. Design
B. Analysis
C. Implementation
D. Maintenance
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: The Analysis phase focuses on gathering requirements and
defining what the system should do, resulting in the SRS document.
2. In the context of programming, how does a compiler differ from an interpreter?
A. An interpreter translates the entire program before execution, while a compiler
translates line-by-line.
,B. A compiler translates the entire source code into machine code before execution,
whereas an interpreter translates and executes it line-by-line.
C. Compilers are only used for high-level languages, while interpreters are for low-level
languages.
D. There is no functional difference; the terms are used interchangeably.
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Compilers generate an executable file by processing the whole
code at once; interpreters translate and run the code incrementally during runtime.
3. What is the primary characteristic of the Waterfall model in software development?
A. An iterative process where phases overlap.
B. A linear, sequential approach where each phase must be completed before the next
begins.
C. A methodology that prioritizes customer feedback over planning.
D. A process that skips the design phase to speed up implementation.
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: The Waterfall model is a rigid, linear structure where
development flows downward through phases like a waterfall.
4. In a flowchart, what does a diamond-shaped symbol represent?
A. Start/End (Terminator)
, B. Decision or Conditional Branch
C. Input/Output
D. Process or Assignment
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: The diamond symbol in a flowchart represents a decision point
where the flow splits based on a true/false condition.
5. What is the result of the expression (10 + 5) * in most programming languages?
A. 4
B. 12
C. 6
D. 15
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: Using PEMDAS/BODMAS: (10+5)=15; 15*2=30; 30/5=6.
6. Which of the following is a valid identifier (variable name) in most programming
languages?
A. 2nd_value
B. total-amount
C. class
