Test Bank –
Stevens's Clinical Immunology: A Laboratory
Perspective,
By Linda E. Miller
6th edition
,TABLE OF CONTENTS
1: Introduction to Immunity and the Immune System
2: Innate Immunity
3: Antibody Structure and Function
4: Nature of Antigens and the Major Histocompatibility Complex
5: Adaptive Immunity
6: Cytokines
7: The Complement System
8: Safety and Quality Management
9: Principles of Serological Testing
10: Precipitation and Agglutination Reactions
11: Labeled Immunoassays
12: Molecular Diagnostic Techniques
13: Flow Cytometry and Laboratory Automation
14: Hypersensitivity
15: Autoimmune Diseases
16: Transplantation Immunology
17: Tumor Immunology
18: Immunoproliferative Diseases
19: Immunodeficiency Diseases and Inborn Errors of Immunity
20: Laboratory Detection of Bacterial Infections
21: Spirochete Diseases
22: Laboratory Diagnosis of Parasitic and Fungal Infections
23: Serological and Molecular Detection of Viral Infections
24: Laboratory Diagnosis of Human Retroviruses
25: Immunization and Vaccines
,CHAPTER 1: Introduction to Immunity and the Immune System
1. Which of the following best describes the primary function of the immune
system?
A) Transport of oxygen to tissues
B) Recognition and elimination of foreign substances
C) Regulation of body temperature
D) Production of hormones
Answer: B | Rationale: The immune system's fundamental role is to distinguish
self from non-self and to neutralize or eliminate foreign pathogens, toxins, and
abnormal cells.
2. The concept of "self-tolerance" refers to:
A) The ability to tolerate high fevers
B) The immune system's ability to ignore self-antigens
C) Resistance to all bacterial infections
D) The capacity to accept organ transplants
Answer: B | Rationale: Self-tolerance is the mechanism by which the immune
system avoids attacking the body's own tissues. Failure of self-tolerance leads to
autoimmune disease.
3. Which organ is considered a primary (central) lymphoid organ?
A) Spleen
B) Lymph node
C) Thymus
D) Tonsils
Answer: C | Rationale: The thymus and bone marrow are primary lymphoid
organs where lymphocytes develop and mature. The spleen, lymph nodes, and
tonsils are secondary (peripheral) lymphoid organs.
4. Hematopoiesis in adults occurs primarily in the:
A) Liver
B) Spleen
C) Bone marrow
D) Thymus
Answer: C | Rationale: In adults, hematopoiesis (formation of all blood cells)
occurs predominantly in the bone marrow of flat bones (sternum, pelvis,
, vertebrae). During fetal development, the liver and spleen are major
hematopoietic sites.
5. Which cell type is derived from the common lymphoid progenitor?
A) Neutrophil
B) Erythrocyte
C) T lymphocyte
D) Megakaryocyte
Answer: C | Rationale: The common lymphoid progenitor gives rise to T cells, B
cells, and NK cells. Neutrophils, erythrocytes, and megakaryocytes derive from
the common myeloid progenitor.
6. Innate immunity differs from adaptive immunity in that innate immunity:
A) Requires prior exposure to the pathogen
B) Exhibits immunological memory
C) Provides a rapid, nonspecific first line of defense
D) Is mediated exclusively by lymphocytes
Answer: C | Rationale: Innate immunity is present from birth, acts within minutes
to hours, and does not require prior antigen exposure. Adaptive immunity is
slower, antigen-specific, and generates memory.
7. The secondary immune response is characterized by:
A) A longer lag period than the primary response
B) Predominantly IgM production
C) Higher antibody titers and faster kinetics
D) Absence of memory cells
Answer: C | Rationale: The secondary (anamnestic) response is faster, produces
higher antibody titers (predominantly IgG), and has a shorter lag period due to
the presence of memory cells from the primary response.
8. Which of the following is a granulocyte?
A) Monocyte
B) Lymphocyte
C) Basophil
D) Macrophage
Answer: C | Rationale: Granulocytes include neutrophils, eosinophils, and
Stevens's Clinical Immunology: A Laboratory
Perspective,
By Linda E. Miller
6th edition
,TABLE OF CONTENTS
1: Introduction to Immunity and the Immune System
2: Innate Immunity
3: Antibody Structure and Function
4: Nature of Antigens and the Major Histocompatibility Complex
5: Adaptive Immunity
6: Cytokines
7: The Complement System
8: Safety and Quality Management
9: Principles of Serological Testing
10: Precipitation and Agglutination Reactions
11: Labeled Immunoassays
12: Molecular Diagnostic Techniques
13: Flow Cytometry and Laboratory Automation
14: Hypersensitivity
15: Autoimmune Diseases
16: Transplantation Immunology
17: Tumor Immunology
18: Immunoproliferative Diseases
19: Immunodeficiency Diseases and Inborn Errors of Immunity
20: Laboratory Detection of Bacterial Infections
21: Spirochete Diseases
22: Laboratory Diagnosis of Parasitic and Fungal Infections
23: Serological and Molecular Detection of Viral Infections
24: Laboratory Diagnosis of Human Retroviruses
25: Immunization and Vaccines
,CHAPTER 1: Introduction to Immunity and the Immune System
1. Which of the following best describes the primary function of the immune
system?
A) Transport of oxygen to tissues
B) Recognition and elimination of foreign substances
C) Regulation of body temperature
D) Production of hormones
Answer: B | Rationale: The immune system's fundamental role is to distinguish
self from non-self and to neutralize or eliminate foreign pathogens, toxins, and
abnormal cells.
2. The concept of "self-tolerance" refers to:
A) The ability to tolerate high fevers
B) The immune system's ability to ignore self-antigens
C) Resistance to all bacterial infections
D) The capacity to accept organ transplants
Answer: B | Rationale: Self-tolerance is the mechanism by which the immune
system avoids attacking the body's own tissues. Failure of self-tolerance leads to
autoimmune disease.
3. Which organ is considered a primary (central) lymphoid organ?
A) Spleen
B) Lymph node
C) Thymus
D) Tonsils
Answer: C | Rationale: The thymus and bone marrow are primary lymphoid
organs where lymphocytes develop and mature. The spleen, lymph nodes, and
tonsils are secondary (peripheral) lymphoid organs.
4. Hematopoiesis in adults occurs primarily in the:
A) Liver
B) Spleen
C) Bone marrow
D) Thymus
Answer: C | Rationale: In adults, hematopoiesis (formation of all blood cells)
occurs predominantly in the bone marrow of flat bones (sternum, pelvis,
, vertebrae). During fetal development, the liver and spleen are major
hematopoietic sites.
5. Which cell type is derived from the common lymphoid progenitor?
A) Neutrophil
B) Erythrocyte
C) T lymphocyte
D) Megakaryocyte
Answer: C | Rationale: The common lymphoid progenitor gives rise to T cells, B
cells, and NK cells. Neutrophils, erythrocytes, and megakaryocytes derive from
the common myeloid progenitor.
6. Innate immunity differs from adaptive immunity in that innate immunity:
A) Requires prior exposure to the pathogen
B) Exhibits immunological memory
C) Provides a rapid, nonspecific first line of defense
D) Is mediated exclusively by lymphocytes
Answer: C | Rationale: Innate immunity is present from birth, acts within minutes
to hours, and does not require prior antigen exposure. Adaptive immunity is
slower, antigen-specific, and generates memory.
7. The secondary immune response is characterized by:
A) A longer lag period than the primary response
B) Predominantly IgM production
C) Higher antibody titers and faster kinetics
D) Absence of memory cells
Answer: C | Rationale: The secondary (anamnestic) response is faster, produces
higher antibody titers (predominantly IgG), and has a shorter lag period due to
the presence of memory cells from the primary response.
8. Which of the following is a granulocyte?
A) Monocyte
B) Lymphocyte
C) Basophil
D) Macrophage
Answer: C | Rationale: Granulocytes include neutrophils, eosinophils, and
