of Maryville NURS 611 compled Correct Answers Verified A Graded

Maryville University of NURS Course Materials | Comprehensive Answer Key what makes up the autonomic nervous system? - answer - sympathetic nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system the parasympathetic nervous system does what? - answer - conserves energy and the bodys resources "rest and digest" What does the sympathetic nervous system do? - answer - responds to stress by preparing the body to defend itself "fight or flight" How does it sympathetic nervous system's flight or fight response happen? - answer - 1- catecholamines are released- epinephrine 2-mobilizes energy stores and increases blood glucose and decreases release of insulin 3- redistributes blood flow and increases muscle perfusion 4- increases diameter of bronchioles in the lungs 5- decreases peristalsis of the GI tract and skin the sympathetic nervous system primarily serves to protect an individual by doing what? - answer - 1- increases blood sugar levels 2- increases body temp 3-increases blood pressure 4- redirects blood to major organs how are primary brain injuries classified? - answer - focal or diffuse what are focal brain injuries? - answer - ONE AREA OF THE BRAIN specific, grossly observable brain lesions that occur in a precise location ex: epidural hemorrhage, subdural hemorrhage What are diffuse brain injuries? - answer - ENTIRE BRAIN aka multifocal includes brain injuries due to hypoxia, meningitis, encephalitis, and damage to blood vessels what effect does swelling have after a traumatic brain injury? - answer - can lead to dangerous increases in intracranial pressure REMEMBER: brain is within a limited space and increased pressure can cause collateral dysfunction ex: neurogenic diabetes insipidus, ADH is not secreted thus polyuria who is most likely affected by autonomic hyperreflexia? - answer - patients that have lesions at the T5-6 level or above what is autonomic hyperreflexia characterized by? - answer - 1- paroxysmal hypertension (up tp 300 mmHg systolic) 2- pounding headache 3- blurred vision 4-sweating above the lesion level with flushed skin (hypothalamus is unable to regulate body heat bc of sympathetic nervous system damage) 5- piloerection 6- nasal congestion 7- bradycardia (30-40 bpm) what age does delirium occur? - answer - usually older What is the onset of delirium? - answer - acute onset- most common during hospitalizations what is an associated condition with delirium? - answer - 1- UTI 2- thyroid disorder 3-hypoxia 4- hypoglycemia 5- toxicity 6- fluid-electrolyte imbalance 7- renal insufficiency 8- trauma 9- multiple medications what is the duration of delirium? - answer - hours to weeks how is the patient's attention and A&O who has delirium? - answer - impaired how is the patient's sleep-wake cycle who has delirium? - answer - disrupted what is a person who has delirium behavior like? - answer - agitated, withdrawn, depressed what is a person who has delirium speech like? - answer - incoherent, can be rapid or slow what is a person who has delirium thoughts like? - answer - disorganized with delusions and can have hallucinations what age does dementia occur? - answer - usually older what is the onset of dementia? - answer - usually gradual but ca be acute in some cases of stroke/trauma what are the associated conditions with dementia? - answer - 1- brain trauma 2- may not have other conditions what is the course of dementia? - answer - chronic, slow decline what is the duration of dementia? - answer - months to years how is the patient with dementia attention? - answer - intact early, often impaired late how is the person with dementias sleep-wake cycle? - answer - usually normal or fragmented how is the person with dementias alertness and orientation? - answer - normal intact early, impaired late what is the person with dementias speech like? - answer - word finding problems what are the