Pediatric Immunization: Exam 2 - Questions with Correct
Answers
100 questions
1. Cell-mediated immunity is primarily provided by:
A. T lymphocytes
B. B lymphocytes only
C. Red blood cells
D. Platelets
Correct Answer: A. T lymphocytes
Rationale: Important against viruses.
2. A vaccine that produces both humoral and cell-mediated immunity strongly is typically:
A. Toxoid
B. Live attenuated
C. Polysaccharide
D. Subunit protein only
Correct Answer: B. Live attenuated
Rationale: Mimics natural infection.
3. The ability of vaccines to reduce disease transmission benefits:
A. Only the individual
B. Both the individual and the community
C. Only the manufacturer
D. No one
Correct Answer: B. Both the individual and the community
Rationale: Public health.
4. Passive immunity is best described as:
A. Temporary protection from antibodies produced by another person or animal
B. Lifelong immunity from vaccination
C. Immunity from natural infection
D. Immunity from memory cells
Correct Answer: A. Temporary protection from antibodies produced by another person or
animal
Rationale: Examples include immune globulin and maternal antibodies.
5. Immune response to vaccines can be lower in:
A. Immunosuppressed children
B. Healthy toddlers
C. Healthy adolescents
D. Healthy infants
Correct Answer: A. Immunosuppressed children
Rationale: May need special schedules.
6. Interferons are part of:
A. Vaccine preservatives
B. Antibiotics
C. Diluents
D. Innate antiviral defense
Correct Answer: D. Innate antiviral defense
Rationale: Cytokines.
,7. The purpose of an adjuvant in a vaccine is to:
A. Enhance the immune response
B. Kill bacteria in the vial
C. Add flavor
D. Lower the dose of antibodies
Correct Answer: A. Enhance the immune response
Rationale: E.g., aluminum salts.
8. Primary immune response timing is typically:
A. Instantaneous
B. Days to weeks after first exposure
C. Years later
D. Only after a booster
Correct Answer: B. Days to weeks after first exposure
Rationale: Lag phase.
9. Conjugate vaccines link a polysaccharide to a protein carrier to:
A. Make the vaccine live
B. Reduce storage needs
C. Remove antigens
D. Improve immune response in young children
Correct Answer: D. Improve immune response in young children
Rationale: T-cell dependent response.
10. Combination vaccines such as DTaP-IPV-Hib-HepB are beneficial because they:
A. Increase pain
B. Are live
C. Replace boosters
D. Reduce the number of injections
Correct Answer: D. Reduce the number of injections
Rationale: Fewer shots.
11. Thimerosal was removed or reduced to trace amounts in routine childhood vaccines in the
U.S. by:
A. 1950
B. 2020
C. 2001
D. It was never used
Correct Answer: C. 2001
Rationale: Precautionary measure.
12. Which vaccine type would be contraindicated in a child receiving high-dose chemotherapy?
A. Toxoids
B. Inactivated vaccines
C. Subunit vaccines
D. Live attenuated vaccines
Correct Answer: D. Live attenuated vaccines
Rationale: Risk of vaccine-strain disease.
, 13. Which vaccine is a polysaccharide-protein conjugate given at 2, 4, 6 and 12-15 months?
A. MMR
B. Varicella
C. PCV
D. Hepatitis A
Correct Answer: C. PCV
Rationale: Pneumococcal conjugate.
14. Which vaccine can be given by either the subcutaneous or intramuscular route?
A. DTaP
B. Hepatitis B
C. HPV
D. IPV
Correct Answer: D. IPV
Rationale: IPV, MMR and varicella (some products) may be IM or SC.
15. Hepatitis B vaccine is a:
A. Recombinant subunit vaccine
B. Live attenuated vaccine
C. Toxoid
D. Whole killed bacterial vaccine
Correct Answer: A. Recombinant subunit vaccine
Rationale: HBsAg produced in yeast.
16. Pediarix contains:
A. MMR and varicella
B. DTaP and Hib only
C. DTaP, HepB and IPV
D. HepA and HepB
Correct Answer: C. DTaP, HepB and IPV
Rationale: Combination vaccine.
17. Evidence of immunity to varicella includes:
A. Parent's memory only for any child
B. Two documented doses, lab evidence or healthcare provider diagnosis/verification of disease
C. One dose for adults
D. Having had measles
Correct Answer: B. Two documented doses, lab evidence or healthcare provider
diagnosis/verification of disease
Rationale: Acceptable evidence.
18. Encephalitis is a potential complication of:
A. Tetanus only
B. Hepatitis A only
C. Rotavirus only
D. Measles, mumps and varicella
Correct Answer: D. Measles, mumps and varicella
Rationale: Neurologic complications.
Answers
100 questions
1. Cell-mediated immunity is primarily provided by:
A. T lymphocytes
B. B lymphocytes only
C. Red blood cells
D. Platelets
Correct Answer: A. T lymphocytes
Rationale: Important against viruses.
2. A vaccine that produces both humoral and cell-mediated immunity strongly is typically:
A. Toxoid
B. Live attenuated
C. Polysaccharide
D. Subunit protein only
Correct Answer: B. Live attenuated
Rationale: Mimics natural infection.
3. The ability of vaccines to reduce disease transmission benefits:
A. Only the individual
B. Both the individual and the community
C. Only the manufacturer
D. No one
Correct Answer: B. Both the individual and the community
Rationale: Public health.
4. Passive immunity is best described as:
A. Temporary protection from antibodies produced by another person or animal
B. Lifelong immunity from vaccination
C. Immunity from natural infection
D. Immunity from memory cells
Correct Answer: A. Temporary protection from antibodies produced by another person or
animal
Rationale: Examples include immune globulin and maternal antibodies.
5. Immune response to vaccines can be lower in:
A. Immunosuppressed children
B. Healthy toddlers
C. Healthy adolescents
D. Healthy infants
Correct Answer: A. Immunosuppressed children
Rationale: May need special schedules.
6. Interferons are part of:
A. Vaccine preservatives
B. Antibiotics
C. Diluents
D. Innate antiviral defense
Correct Answer: D. Innate antiviral defense
Rationale: Cytokines.
,7. The purpose of an adjuvant in a vaccine is to:
A. Enhance the immune response
B. Kill bacteria in the vial
C. Add flavor
D. Lower the dose of antibodies
Correct Answer: A. Enhance the immune response
Rationale: E.g., aluminum salts.
8. Primary immune response timing is typically:
A. Instantaneous
B. Days to weeks after first exposure
C. Years later
D. Only after a booster
Correct Answer: B. Days to weeks after first exposure
Rationale: Lag phase.
9. Conjugate vaccines link a polysaccharide to a protein carrier to:
A. Make the vaccine live
B. Reduce storage needs
C. Remove antigens
D. Improve immune response in young children
Correct Answer: D. Improve immune response in young children
Rationale: T-cell dependent response.
10. Combination vaccines such as DTaP-IPV-Hib-HepB are beneficial because they:
A. Increase pain
B. Are live
C. Replace boosters
D. Reduce the number of injections
Correct Answer: D. Reduce the number of injections
Rationale: Fewer shots.
11. Thimerosal was removed or reduced to trace amounts in routine childhood vaccines in the
U.S. by:
A. 1950
B. 2020
C. 2001
D. It was never used
Correct Answer: C. 2001
Rationale: Precautionary measure.
12. Which vaccine type would be contraindicated in a child receiving high-dose chemotherapy?
A. Toxoids
B. Inactivated vaccines
C. Subunit vaccines
D. Live attenuated vaccines
Correct Answer: D. Live attenuated vaccines
Rationale: Risk of vaccine-strain disease.
, 13. Which vaccine is a polysaccharide-protein conjugate given at 2, 4, 6 and 12-15 months?
A. MMR
B. Varicella
C. PCV
D. Hepatitis A
Correct Answer: C. PCV
Rationale: Pneumococcal conjugate.
14. Which vaccine can be given by either the subcutaneous or intramuscular route?
A. DTaP
B. Hepatitis B
C. HPV
D. IPV
Correct Answer: D. IPV
Rationale: IPV, MMR and varicella (some products) may be IM or SC.
15. Hepatitis B vaccine is a:
A. Recombinant subunit vaccine
B. Live attenuated vaccine
C. Toxoid
D. Whole killed bacterial vaccine
Correct Answer: A. Recombinant subunit vaccine
Rationale: HBsAg produced in yeast.
16. Pediarix contains:
A. MMR and varicella
B. DTaP and Hib only
C. DTaP, HepB and IPV
D. HepA and HepB
Correct Answer: C. DTaP, HepB and IPV
Rationale: Combination vaccine.
17. Evidence of immunity to varicella includes:
A. Parent's memory only for any child
B. Two documented doses, lab evidence or healthcare provider diagnosis/verification of disease
C. One dose for adults
D. Having had measles
Correct Answer: B. Two documented doses, lab evidence or healthcare provider
diagnosis/verification of disease
Rationale: Acceptable evidence.
18. Encephalitis is a potential complication of:
A. Tetanus only
B. Hepatitis A only
C. Rotavirus only
D. Measles, mumps and varicella
Correct Answer: D. Measles, mumps and varicella
Rationale: Neurologic complications.
