Adult Care 1 Exam 2 – Questions With Clear
Solutions
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Terms in this set (72)
Endocrine Glands They secrete hormones into the bloodstream that
help maintain homeostasis and regulate body
functions (metabolism, nutrition, elimination,
temperature, fluid and electrolyte balance, and
growth and reproduction)
These hormones travel throughout the body but
ONLY act on target tissues. The target tissues have
receptor sites that are specific to only ONE
hormone (lock and key analogy).
Parathyroid, Pituitary Gland, and Thyroid
Remember: When talking about endocrine disorders, there is
either an excess of a hormone, a deficiency of a
hormone, or a problem at the target tissue with the
receptor site.
,Feedback Loops Negative: A message that's making an organ reduce
the amount of hormone secretion. There is enough
of the circulating hormone in the body to produce
the desired effect, so no more secretion is
necessary. Signals are sent to reduce the amount of
hormone secretion.
Positive: A message that's making an organ increase
the amount of hormone secretion. There is NOT
enough of the circulating hormone to produce the
desired effect, so more secretion is necessary.
Signals are send out to increase the amount of
hormone secretion.
Example: Pancreas
Negative: When your blood sugar rises above a
certain point, your body wants to lower it because it
needs to be kept at a therapeutic range. When your
pancreas detects the rise, it secretes insulin to help
reduce blood glucose.
Positive: If insulin keeps being produce and blood
sugar keeps dropping and gets below the
therapeutic range, glucagon is secreted to help
raise blood glucose levels.
Pituitary Gland Called the "Master Gland" because of its regulation
of many different body functions
Divided into 2 lobes: Anterior (hormones regulate
growth, metabolism, and sexual development) and
Posterior (secretes vasopressin that helps maintain
fluid and electrolyte balance)
,Anterior Pituitary Secretes 6 Hormones
-Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH): Stimulates the
thyroid gland to release thyroid hormones
-Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH): Stimulates
the adrenal glands to secrete glucocorticoids
-Luteinizing Hormone (LH): In female: Stimulates the
maturation of ova and ovulation. In males:
Stimulates the production of testosterone
-Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH): In females:
Stimulates the growth of ovarian follicles. In males:
Stimulates sperm production.
-Prolactin: Stimulated breast milk production.
-Growth Hormone (GH): Stimulates growth of
muscle and bone
Posterior Pituitary Secretes 2 Hormones
-Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH): Helps to increase
reabsorption of water in the kidneys
-Oxytocin (OT): Stimulates contractions of the uterus
after delivery.
, Hypopituitarism Two Types: Selective and Panhypopituitarism
(selective = 1 hormone is deficient; pan = two or
more hormones are deficient)
Causes:
(if from pituitary gland itself = primary; if from
hypothalamus = secondary)
-MOST COMMON: Tumors because they compress
and destroy tissue
-Malnutrition/Rapid fat loss
-Shock/Hypotension = decreased perfusion
-Head trauma, surgery, radiation
Symptoms:
(depends on what hormone is being affected)
-Because tumors are most common, typically we
see a change of vision FIRST
-Headaches, Double vision
Hypopituitarism: Growth Hormone Deficiency leads to decreased bone density,
fractures, decrease muscle strength
In Children: Poor growth and short stature
Treatment: synthetic GH Somatotropin until they
reach adulthood and full height.
In Adults: Asymptomatic but may experience fatigue
and weakness
Treatment: nothing
Solutions
Add to calendar
Play your way to mastery with fun games
Match Blocks Charms NEW
Terms in this set (72)
Endocrine Glands They secrete hormones into the bloodstream that
help maintain homeostasis and regulate body
functions (metabolism, nutrition, elimination,
temperature, fluid and electrolyte balance, and
growth and reproduction)
These hormones travel throughout the body but
ONLY act on target tissues. The target tissues have
receptor sites that are specific to only ONE
hormone (lock and key analogy).
Parathyroid, Pituitary Gland, and Thyroid
Remember: When talking about endocrine disorders, there is
either an excess of a hormone, a deficiency of a
hormone, or a problem at the target tissue with the
receptor site.
,Feedback Loops Negative: A message that's making an organ reduce
the amount of hormone secretion. There is enough
of the circulating hormone in the body to produce
the desired effect, so no more secretion is
necessary. Signals are sent to reduce the amount of
hormone secretion.
Positive: A message that's making an organ increase
the amount of hormone secretion. There is NOT
enough of the circulating hormone to produce the
desired effect, so more secretion is necessary.
Signals are send out to increase the amount of
hormone secretion.
Example: Pancreas
Negative: When your blood sugar rises above a
certain point, your body wants to lower it because it
needs to be kept at a therapeutic range. When your
pancreas detects the rise, it secretes insulin to help
reduce blood glucose.
Positive: If insulin keeps being produce and blood
sugar keeps dropping and gets below the
therapeutic range, glucagon is secreted to help
raise blood glucose levels.
Pituitary Gland Called the "Master Gland" because of its regulation
of many different body functions
Divided into 2 lobes: Anterior (hormones regulate
growth, metabolism, and sexual development) and
Posterior (secretes vasopressin that helps maintain
fluid and electrolyte balance)
,Anterior Pituitary Secretes 6 Hormones
-Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH): Stimulates the
thyroid gland to release thyroid hormones
-Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH): Stimulates
the adrenal glands to secrete glucocorticoids
-Luteinizing Hormone (LH): In female: Stimulates the
maturation of ova and ovulation. In males:
Stimulates the production of testosterone
-Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH): In females:
Stimulates the growth of ovarian follicles. In males:
Stimulates sperm production.
-Prolactin: Stimulated breast milk production.
-Growth Hormone (GH): Stimulates growth of
muscle and bone
Posterior Pituitary Secretes 2 Hormones
-Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH): Helps to increase
reabsorption of water in the kidneys
-Oxytocin (OT): Stimulates contractions of the uterus
after delivery.
, Hypopituitarism Two Types: Selective and Panhypopituitarism
(selective = 1 hormone is deficient; pan = two or
more hormones are deficient)
Causes:
(if from pituitary gland itself = primary; if from
hypothalamus = secondary)
-MOST COMMON: Tumors because they compress
and destroy tissue
-Malnutrition/Rapid fat loss
-Shock/Hypotension = decreased perfusion
-Head trauma, surgery, radiation
Symptoms:
(depends on what hormone is being affected)
-Because tumors are most common, typically we
see a change of vision FIRST
-Headaches, Double vision
Hypopituitarism: Growth Hormone Deficiency leads to decreased bone density,
fractures, decrease muscle strength
In Children: Poor growth and short stature
Treatment: synthetic GH Somatotropin until they
reach adulthood and full height.
In Adults: Asymptomatic but may experience fatigue
and weakness
Treatment: nothing
