AORN PERIOP 101 FINAL EXAM Questions with Correct Solutions
Question:
1. Indemnity Payment
Answer:
Payment made on behalf of the policy holder
Question:
2. Liability
Answer:
A legal responsibility
Question:
3. Negligence
Answer:
An act or failure to act that deviates from the standard of care
Question:
4. Nursing Malpractice
Answer:
A nurse's negligence or any intentional act that causes physical, financial, emotional,
psychosocial, and/or cognitive damage to the person in the nurse's care
Question:
5. Respondeat Superior
Answer:
An employer is legally responsible for the nurse employee only when: o The nurse acts within
the scope of practice o Any allegations brought against the nurse occurred during the nurse's
employment o The nurse's actions were within the employer's best interests.
Question:
6. Tort
Answer:
A breach of duty to another person as outlined by law
Question:
7. What are the four elements of malpractice?
,Answer:
• Duty
• Breach of duty
• The breach of duty caused an injury
• The injury was harmful to the patient
Question:
8. Elements of Informed Consent
Answer:
• Must be obtained by the licensed professional who is performing the procedure
• The patient must give consent voluntarily with the full understanding of all implications
• Must include o Diagnosis o Proposed treatment o Treatment alternatives o Consequences of
accepting or declining the proposed treatment
Question:
9. Five Rights of Delegation
Answer:
Right task Right circumstance Right person Right communication and direction Right
supervision and evaluation
Question:
10. Four types of patient privacy health care providers and personnel have an ethical and
legal responsibility to always maintain
Answer:
• Medical information
• Physical exposure
• Personal privacy
• Electronic privacy
Question:
11. Eight factors to consider before determining what anesthetic to use for a particular
patient
Answer:
• Patient's age
• Length & type of surgery
• Patient & surgeon preferences
• Patient's co-existing diseases
• Patient's mental & psychological status
• Patient's previous experiences with anesthesia
• Plans & protocols for postoperative pain management
• Position of the patient during surgery
,Question:
12. The American Society of Anesthesiologist's NPO Guidelines
Answer:
• Clear liquids - stop 2 hours before surgery
• Breast milk - stop 4 hours before surgery
• Infant formula - stop 6 hours before surgery
• Light meal (toast & a clear liquid) - stop 6 hours before surgery
• Fried foods, fatty foods, meat - stop 8 hours before surgery
Question:
13. Circulator RN duties during Induction of anesthesia and assisting anesthesia professional
with Cricoid Pressure
Answer:
• Cricoid pressure application is not released until the endotracheal (ET) tube cuff is inflated,
tube placement is confirmed, and anesthesia provider has given a verbal confirmation to the
nurse that the cricoid pressure can be released.
• If intubation or ventilation of the patient becomes difficult, the perioperative nurse should
retrieve additional airway equipment and supplies.
Question:
14. General anesthesia
Answer:
• A drug-induced reversible state of unconsciousness
• Results in amnesia, analgesia, and loss of responsiveness, decreased stress response, and
loss of skeletal muscle reflexes to a varying degree
Question:
15. Regional anesthesia
Answer:
• An injection of local anesthetics near nerve fibers that causes reversible loss of sensation
over an area of the body
• Examples include spinal, epidural, and peripheral nerve blocks.
Question:
16. Monitored anesthesia care (MAC)
Answer:
An anesthesia provider monitors the patient, administers sedatives and other agents as
needed, and provides medical services as required.
, Question:
17. Moderate sedation
Answer:
• The administration of sedative, analgesic, and/or anxiolytic agents by a physician or by a
nurse under physician supervision
• Depending on state laws and hospital policies, an RN may administer moderate sedation.
Question:
18. Local anesthesia
Answer:
• The infiltration or topical administration of agents to anesthetize a part of the body
• The perioperative nurse provides patient monitoring and supportive care.
Question:
19. Phases of general anesthesia
Answer:
• Phase I: Induction o IV medications and inhalational agents are administered by the
anesthesia provider.
• Phase II: Maintenance o Medications and inhalational agents are administered to keep the
patient anesthetized.
• Phase III: Emergence o At the end of the procedure, the anesthetic agents are discontinued
or reversed to allow the patient to wake up.
Question:
20. Anesthesia Reversal agents: Muscle relaxants:
Answer:
1. neostigmine
2. edrophonium. Note: There is no reversal agent for succinylcholine
Question:
21. Anesthesia Reversal agents: Sugammadex:
Answer:
reversal agent for rocuronium, vecuronium, and pancuronium
Question:
22. Anesthesia Reversal agents: Benzodiazepines: Midazolam
Answer:
Flumazenil
Question:
1. Indemnity Payment
Answer:
Payment made on behalf of the policy holder
Question:
2. Liability
Answer:
A legal responsibility
Question:
3. Negligence
Answer:
An act or failure to act that deviates from the standard of care
Question:
4. Nursing Malpractice
Answer:
A nurse's negligence or any intentional act that causes physical, financial, emotional,
psychosocial, and/or cognitive damage to the person in the nurse's care
Question:
5. Respondeat Superior
Answer:
An employer is legally responsible for the nurse employee only when: o The nurse acts within
the scope of practice o Any allegations brought against the nurse occurred during the nurse's
employment o The nurse's actions were within the employer's best interests.
Question:
6. Tort
Answer:
A breach of duty to another person as outlined by law
Question:
7. What are the four elements of malpractice?
,Answer:
• Duty
• Breach of duty
• The breach of duty caused an injury
• The injury was harmful to the patient
Question:
8. Elements of Informed Consent
Answer:
• Must be obtained by the licensed professional who is performing the procedure
• The patient must give consent voluntarily with the full understanding of all implications
• Must include o Diagnosis o Proposed treatment o Treatment alternatives o Consequences of
accepting or declining the proposed treatment
Question:
9. Five Rights of Delegation
Answer:
Right task Right circumstance Right person Right communication and direction Right
supervision and evaluation
Question:
10. Four types of patient privacy health care providers and personnel have an ethical and
legal responsibility to always maintain
Answer:
• Medical information
• Physical exposure
• Personal privacy
• Electronic privacy
Question:
11. Eight factors to consider before determining what anesthetic to use for a particular
patient
Answer:
• Patient's age
• Length & type of surgery
• Patient & surgeon preferences
• Patient's co-existing diseases
• Patient's mental & psychological status
• Patient's previous experiences with anesthesia
• Plans & protocols for postoperative pain management
• Position of the patient during surgery
,Question:
12. The American Society of Anesthesiologist's NPO Guidelines
Answer:
• Clear liquids - stop 2 hours before surgery
• Breast milk - stop 4 hours before surgery
• Infant formula - stop 6 hours before surgery
• Light meal (toast & a clear liquid) - stop 6 hours before surgery
• Fried foods, fatty foods, meat - stop 8 hours before surgery
Question:
13. Circulator RN duties during Induction of anesthesia and assisting anesthesia professional
with Cricoid Pressure
Answer:
• Cricoid pressure application is not released until the endotracheal (ET) tube cuff is inflated,
tube placement is confirmed, and anesthesia provider has given a verbal confirmation to the
nurse that the cricoid pressure can be released.
• If intubation or ventilation of the patient becomes difficult, the perioperative nurse should
retrieve additional airway equipment and supplies.
Question:
14. General anesthesia
Answer:
• A drug-induced reversible state of unconsciousness
• Results in amnesia, analgesia, and loss of responsiveness, decreased stress response, and
loss of skeletal muscle reflexes to a varying degree
Question:
15. Regional anesthesia
Answer:
• An injection of local anesthetics near nerve fibers that causes reversible loss of sensation
over an area of the body
• Examples include spinal, epidural, and peripheral nerve blocks.
Question:
16. Monitored anesthesia care (MAC)
Answer:
An anesthesia provider monitors the patient, administers sedatives and other agents as
needed, and provides medical services as required.
, Question:
17. Moderate sedation
Answer:
• The administration of sedative, analgesic, and/or anxiolytic agents by a physician or by a
nurse under physician supervision
• Depending on state laws and hospital policies, an RN may administer moderate sedation.
Question:
18. Local anesthesia
Answer:
• The infiltration or topical administration of agents to anesthetize a part of the body
• The perioperative nurse provides patient monitoring and supportive care.
Question:
19. Phases of general anesthesia
Answer:
• Phase I: Induction o IV medications and inhalational agents are administered by the
anesthesia provider.
• Phase II: Maintenance o Medications and inhalational agents are administered to keep the
patient anesthetized.
• Phase III: Emergence o At the end of the procedure, the anesthetic agents are discontinued
or reversed to allow the patient to wake up.
Question:
20. Anesthesia Reversal agents: Muscle relaxants:
Answer:
1. neostigmine
2. edrophonium. Note: There is no reversal agent for succinylcholine
Question:
21. Anesthesia Reversal agents: Sugammadex:
Answer:
reversal agent for rocuronium, vecuronium, and pancuronium
Question:
22. Anesthesia Reversal agents: Benzodiazepines: Midazolam
Answer:
Flumazenil
