PEDIATRIC Cardiovascular Disorders
Practice Exam Questions and Correct
Answers
Question 1
Which statement by the mother of a male toddler with RF shows she has good
understanding of the care of her child?
1. "I will apply heat to his swollen joints to promote circulation."
2. "I will have him do gentle stretching exercises to prevent contractures."
3. "I will give him the aspirin that is ordered for pain and inflammation."
4. "I will apply cold packs to his swollen joints to reduce pain."
Correct Answer
3. Aspirin is the drug of choice for treat
ment of RF.
Question 2
While assessing a newborn with respiratory distress, the nurse auscultates a machine
like heart murmur. Other findings are a wide pulse pressure, periods of apnea,
increased PaCO
2, and decreased PO2. The nurse suspects that the newborn has:
1. Pulmonary hypertension.
2. A PDA.
3. A VSD.
4. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia.
Correct Answer
2. The main identifier in the stem is the
machine-like murmur, which is the
hallmark of a PDA.
Page 1 of 30
,Question 3
Which of the following assessments indicate that the parents of a 7-year-old are
following the prescribed treatment for CHF?
1. HR of 56 beats per minute.
2. Elevated red blood cell count.
3. 50th percentile height and weight for age.
4. Urine output of 0.5 cc/kg/hr.
Correct Answer
3. The 50th percentile height and weight
for age shows good growth and devel
opment, indicating good nutrition and
perfusion.
Question 4
Which statement by the mother of a patient with RF shows she has an understanding
of prevention in her other children?
1. "Whenever one of them gets a sore throat, I will give that child an antibiotic."
2. "There is no treatment. It must run its course."
3. "If their culture is positive for group A streptococcus, I will give them their
antibiotic."
4. "If their culture is positive for staphylococcus A, I will give them their antibiotic."
Correct Answer
52. 1. Do not use an antibiotic if the disease
is not bacterial in origin. Some sore
throats are viral.
Page 2 of 30
, Question 5
A 16-year-old male is diagnosed with hypertension. His laboratory values are hemo
globin B 16 g/dL, hematocrit level 43%, sodium 139 mEq/L, potassium 4.4 mEq/L,
and total cholesterol of 220 mg/dL. Which of the following drugs would increase his
total cholesterol?
1. Beta blockers.
2. Calcium channel blockers.
3. ACE inhibitors.
4. Diuretics.
Correct Answer
25. 1. Beta blockers are used with caution
in patients with hyperlipidemia,
hyperglycemia and impotence.
Question 6
A child born with Down syndrome should be evaluated for what associated cardiac
manifestation?
1. CHD.
2. Systemic hypertension.
3. Hyperlipidemia.
4. Cardiomyopathy.
Correct Answer
36. 1. CHD is found often in children with
Down syndrome.
Question 7
A newborn is diagnosed with a CHD. The test results reveal that the lumen of the
duct between the aorta and pulmonary artery remains open. This defect is known as
_____________________
.
Correct Answer
2. PDA.
TEST-TAKING HINT: This is a defect with
increased pulmonary flow. It should close
in the first few weeks of life.
Page 3 of 30
Practice Exam Questions and Correct
Answers
Question 1
Which statement by the mother of a male toddler with RF shows she has good
understanding of the care of her child?
1. "I will apply heat to his swollen joints to promote circulation."
2. "I will have him do gentle stretching exercises to prevent contractures."
3. "I will give him the aspirin that is ordered for pain and inflammation."
4. "I will apply cold packs to his swollen joints to reduce pain."
Correct Answer
3. Aspirin is the drug of choice for treat
ment of RF.
Question 2
While assessing a newborn with respiratory distress, the nurse auscultates a machine
like heart murmur. Other findings are a wide pulse pressure, periods of apnea,
increased PaCO
2, and decreased PO2. The nurse suspects that the newborn has:
1. Pulmonary hypertension.
2. A PDA.
3. A VSD.
4. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia.
Correct Answer
2. The main identifier in the stem is the
machine-like murmur, which is the
hallmark of a PDA.
Page 1 of 30
,Question 3
Which of the following assessments indicate that the parents of a 7-year-old are
following the prescribed treatment for CHF?
1. HR of 56 beats per minute.
2. Elevated red blood cell count.
3. 50th percentile height and weight for age.
4. Urine output of 0.5 cc/kg/hr.
Correct Answer
3. The 50th percentile height and weight
for age shows good growth and devel
opment, indicating good nutrition and
perfusion.
Question 4
Which statement by the mother of a patient with RF shows she has an understanding
of prevention in her other children?
1. "Whenever one of them gets a sore throat, I will give that child an antibiotic."
2. "There is no treatment. It must run its course."
3. "If their culture is positive for group A streptococcus, I will give them their
antibiotic."
4. "If their culture is positive for staphylococcus A, I will give them their antibiotic."
Correct Answer
52. 1. Do not use an antibiotic if the disease
is not bacterial in origin. Some sore
throats are viral.
Page 2 of 30
, Question 5
A 16-year-old male is diagnosed with hypertension. His laboratory values are hemo
globin B 16 g/dL, hematocrit level 43%, sodium 139 mEq/L, potassium 4.4 mEq/L,
and total cholesterol of 220 mg/dL. Which of the following drugs would increase his
total cholesterol?
1. Beta blockers.
2. Calcium channel blockers.
3. ACE inhibitors.
4. Diuretics.
Correct Answer
25. 1. Beta blockers are used with caution
in patients with hyperlipidemia,
hyperglycemia and impotence.
Question 6
A child born with Down syndrome should be evaluated for what associated cardiac
manifestation?
1. CHD.
2. Systemic hypertension.
3. Hyperlipidemia.
4. Cardiomyopathy.
Correct Answer
36. 1. CHD is found often in children with
Down syndrome.
Question 7
A newborn is diagnosed with a CHD. The test results reveal that the lumen of the
duct between the aorta and pulmonary artery remains open. This defect is known as
_____________________
.
Correct Answer
2. PDA.
TEST-TAKING HINT: This is a defect with
increased pulmonary flow. It should close
in the first few weeks of life.
Page 3 of 30
