WEEK 9 - CARE OF THE PEDIATRIC PATIENT STUDYGUIDE QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS
Question:
1. Physical Examination Pediatric Patient
Answer:
- general survey and growth charts
- anthropometric evaluation and growth chart (non-invasive, scientific overall assessment)
Question:
2. parts of antrhopometric evaluation
Answer:
- head circumference
- length/height
- weight
- BMI
Question:
3. lbs and oz --> kg
Answer:
1. convert oz to lbs (16 oz = 1lb)
2. then convert the lbs to kg (1 kg = 2.2lbs) if you have ounces, divide by 16 and add it onto the
lbs
Question:
4. setting up environment for child assessment
Answer:
- get everything ready first
- give them a sucker/treat after the assessment to reward good behavior
- warm, quiet, child-friendly environment
- talk to them softly and address them based on their stage/age
- use pacifiers and swaddling for babies to keep them calm; only expose one area at a time for
thermoregulation
Question:
5. assessment order
Answer:
- say hi to the kid first, then the parent
- noninvasive first: behavior cues, breathing, acting/acting around parents
- do BP and reflexes last for babies
Question:
6. normal temp
Answer:
,temp: 36.1 - 37.2 C or 97-99 F WORRY TEMP: 38 C or 100.3 F
- use auxiliary for infant, forehead/tympanic for older kids
- infant: down and back
- age 3+: up and back
Question:
7. normal pulse
Answer:
- infant HR is same as fetal: 110-160
- apical for FULL minute because they have irregular HR
- if you take peripheral pulses, compare with apical to ensure they match
Question:
8. normal respiratory
Answer:
- >60/min = scary and can indicate respiratory distress
- don't feed baby if breathing too fast bc of aspiration
Question:
9. normal O2
Answer:
- ATI says >95%
- tend to look at other signs to indicate respiratory distress for infants (cyanosis and RR)
Question:
10. normal BP
Answer:
- start at age 3 unless otherwise indicated (post-op and admission; per policy/per needed)
- ensure cuff is right size so reading is accurate
- easiest place to get BP on baby is the leg
- abnormal reading on automatic BP machine, take manually/auscultate to verify if it's right
Question:
11. Integumentary System Assessment
Answer:
- s/s of abuse like bruising and broken bones in different stages of healing and where they are at
- rashes, redness
- closed dimple on their back
- all the skin stuff!!
Question:
12. head and neck assessment
Answer:
- 4 months they hold their head up
- posterior fontanelle: 2 months
, - anterior fontanelle 12-18 months (longer to allow brain growth)
- sunken fontanelle = dehydration
- bulging fontanelle = intracranial pressure or overhydration
- abnormalities/symmetrical
Question:
13. eyes assessment
Answer:
- check for conjunctivitis (pink eye)
- vision screening starts at school age
- true eye color shows at about 6-12 months (provide education for parents)
- check for retinal hemorrhage tell you they are in pain!)
- lower set ears indicates Down Syndrome
- first hearing screen is usually in the hospital or within 1 month
- if parents feel something is wrong even if they've been okay with hearing, do further
assessments and if not findings refer to audiologist
Question:
14. nose/mouth/throat assessment
Answer:
- teeth come in at 6 months
- oral care gives indication of overall physical health
- tonsillitis is common
Question:
15. chest assessment
Answer:
- younger the pt = more accessory muscles they use
- accessory muscles = good indicator of respiratory distress in younger kids
Question:
16. lung assessment
Answer:
- really important for little kids because we see more respiratory problems with kids instead of
cardiac
- respiratory problems in kids can lead to cardiac problems
- their bronchioles are tiny so any irritation or mucus can easily obstruct their airways
- children younger than 7 have abdominal breathing so don't freak out
Question:
17. heart assessment
Answer:
- murmurs can be normal for newborns as their shunts are still closing
Question:
CORRECT ANSWERS
Question:
1. Physical Examination Pediatric Patient
Answer:
- general survey and growth charts
- anthropometric evaluation and growth chart (non-invasive, scientific overall assessment)
Question:
2. parts of antrhopometric evaluation
Answer:
- head circumference
- length/height
- weight
- BMI
Question:
3. lbs and oz --> kg
Answer:
1. convert oz to lbs (16 oz = 1lb)
2. then convert the lbs to kg (1 kg = 2.2lbs) if you have ounces, divide by 16 and add it onto the
lbs
Question:
4. setting up environment for child assessment
Answer:
- get everything ready first
- give them a sucker/treat after the assessment to reward good behavior
- warm, quiet, child-friendly environment
- talk to them softly and address them based on their stage/age
- use pacifiers and swaddling for babies to keep them calm; only expose one area at a time for
thermoregulation
Question:
5. assessment order
Answer:
- say hi to the kid first, then the parent
- noninvasive first: behavior cues, breathing, acting/acting around parents
- do BP and reflexes last for babies
Question:
6. normal temp
Answer:
,temp: 36.1 - 37.2 C or 97-99 F WORRY TEMP: 38 C or 100.3 F
- use auxiliary for infant, forehead/tympanic for older kids
- infant: down and back
- age 3+: up and back
Question:
7. normal pulse
Answer:
- infant HR is same as fetal: 110-160
- apical for FULL minute because they have irregular HR
- if you take peripheral pulses, compare with apical to ensure they match
Question:
8. normal respiratory
Answer:
- >60/min = scary and can indicate respiratory distress
- don't feed baby if breathing too fast bc of aspiration
Question:
9. normal O2
Answer:
- ATI says >95%
- tend to look at other signs to indicate respiratory distress for infants (cyanosis and RR)
Question:
10. normal BP
Answer:
- start at age 3 unless otherwise indicated (post-op and admission; per policy/per needed)
- ensure cuff is right size so reading is accurate
- easiest place to get BP on baby is the leg
- abnormal reading on automatic BP machine, take manually/auscultate to verify if it's right
Question:
11. Integumentary System Assessment
Answer:
- s/s of abuse like bruising and broken bones in different stages of healing and where they are at
- rashes, redness
- closed dimple on their back
- all the skin stuff!!
Question:
12. head and neck assessment
Answer:
- 4 months they hold their head up
- posterior fontanelle: 2 months
, - anterior fontanelle 12-18 months (longer to allow brain growth)
- sunken fontanelle = dehydration
- bulging fontanelle = intracranial pressure or overhydration
- abnormalities/symmetrical
Question:
13. eyes assessment
Answer:
- check for conjunctivitis (pink eye)
- vision screening starts at school age
- true eye color shows at about 6-12 months (provide education for parents)
- check for retinal hemorrhage tell you they are in pain!)
- lower set ears indicates Down Syndrome
- first hearing screen is usually in the hospital or within 1 month
- if parents feel something is wrong even if they've been okay with hearing, do further
assessments and if not findings refer to audiologist
Question:
14. nose/mouth/throat assessment
Answer:
- teeth come in at 6 months
- oral care gives indication of overall physical health
- tonsillitis is common
Question:
15. chest assessment
Answer:
- younger the pt = more accessory muscles they use
- accessory muscles = good indicator of respiratory distress in younger kids
Question:
16. lung assessment
Answer:
- really important for little kids because we see more respiratory problems with kids instead of
cardiac
- respiratory problems in kids can lead to cardiac problems
- their bronchioles are tiny so any irritation or mucus can easily obstruct their airways
- children younger than 7 have abdominal breathing so don't freak out
Question:
17. heart assessment
Answer:
- murmurs can be normal for newborns as their shunts are still closing
Question:
