WEEK 2 - PEDIATRIC VACCIANTIONS STUDYGUIDE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS
Question:
1. active immunity
Answer:
Exposure to a disease organism triggers the immune system to produce antibodies to that
disease: Vaccine Immunity: Without risk of disease Natural Immunity: From contracting the
disease itself Usually long lasting or permanent
Question:
2. passive immunity
Answer:
Transferred immunity from another person or animal:
- Transplacental and Breastfeeding
- Blood products
- Immune Globulins Fades over time
Question:
3. what are the "old" childhood vaccines?
Answer:
- Diphtheria, Pertussis, and Tetanus (DTP/DTaP with Acellular pertussis)
- Hemophilus Influenza B (HIB)
- Hepatitis B
- Hepatitis A
- Measles, Mumps, and Rubella (MMR)
- Varicella (VAR/VZV)
- Injectable Polio (IPV)
Question:
4. immunization timing and spacing
Answer:
- Recommended times are minimums; no need to restart any series
- May give different vaccines at same time at different site
- Catch-up schedules available (never too old to be protected) Some vaccine have age limits,
example: rotavirus Make Every Visit Count Campaign
Question:
5. pictures for memorizing the childhood vaccine schedule
Answer:
,Question:
6. mild vaccine side effects
Answer:
- Fatigue and poor feeding (infant vaccines)
- Muscle/joint pain (Men A + B, Tdap)
- Headache
- Low grade fever (live attenuated)
- Fainting (HPV, flu)
- Stinging
- Injection site pain and swelling
- Rash 1-2 weeks after admin (MMR+V)
Question:
7. severe vaccine side effects
Answer:
- Guillain-Barre Syndrome (Men A, flu)
- Febrile serizure (MMR V)
- Encephalopathy (DTaP)
Question:
8. pathophys of HBV
Answer:
Hep B virus (DNA), blood or sexual contact, perinatal transmission -70-80 % from HBsAg and
HBeAg positive mothers
Question:
9. symptoms of HBV
Answer:
- most are asymptomatic
- jaundice
- acholic stools with F/N/V Complications:
- fulminant/acute hepatic failure
- cirrhosis
- liver cancer
- death
Question:
10. eval and Tx for HBV
, Answer:
Eval: HB surface antigen and various antibodies
- Supportive care
- serial LFTs
Question:
11. vaccination for HBV
Answer:
birth 1-2m 6m if in adulthood 3 doses at 0, 1 and 6 mon, + surface antibody to confirm successful
vaccination
Question:
12. pathophys of diptheria
Answer:
Incidence: unvaccinated Pathophysiology: Corynebacterium diptheriae gram positive bacillus,
incubation 2-5 days
Question:
13. symptoms and PE findings of diptheria and a complication
Answer:
- malaise
- sore throat
- difficulty swallowing
- loss of appetite
- cervical lymphadenopathy
- grey membrane on pharynx Complications include myocarditis
Question:
14. eval and Tx of diptheria
Answer:
Eval: clinical or by culture Tx: dipetheria antitoxin with erythromycin or PCN x 2 wks, respiratory
droplet isolation, serial EKGs, prophylaxis for close contacts
Question:
15. vaccination of diptheria
Answer:
DTaP: 2-4-6 months, 15-18 mon, 4-6 yrs, Tdap: 11-12 then every 10 years, 1 dose for each
pregnancy 2nd trimester, with reminders to vaccinate adults with close contact with
infants/children
Question:
16. incidence and pathophys of poliomyelitis
Answer:
Incidence: Mostly occurs younger children, unvaccinated, summer and fall, newer outbreaks
across the world, first live inactivated vaccine in 1955 after major outbreak Pathophysiology:
ANSWERS
Question:
1. active immunity
Answer:
Exposure to a disease organism triggers the immune system to produce antibodies to that
disease: Vaccine Immunity: Without risk of disease Natural Immunity: From contracting the
disease itself Usually long lasting or permanent
Question:
2. passive immunity
Answer:
Transferred immunity from another person or animal:
- Transplacental and Breastfeeding
- Blood products
- Immune Globulins Fades over time
Question:
3. what are the "old" childhood vaccines?
Answer:
- Diphtheria, Pertussis, and Tetanus (DTP/DTaP with Acellular pertussis)
- Hemophilus Influenza B (HIB)
- Hepatitis B
- Hepatitis A
- Measles, Mumps, and Rubella (MMR)
- Varicella (VAR/VZV)
- Injectable Polio (IPV)
Question:
4. immunization timing and spacing
Answer:
- Recommended times are minimums; no need to restart any series
- May give different vaccines at same time at different site
- Catch-up schedules available (never too old to be protected) Some vaccine have age limits,
example: rotavirus Make Every Visit Count Campaign
Question:
5. pictures for memorizing the childhood vaccine schedule
Answer:
,Question:
6. mild vaccine side effects
Answer:
- Fatigue and poor feeding (infant vaccines)
- Muscle/joint pain (Men A + B, Tdap)
- Headache
- Low grade fever (live attenuated)
- Fainting (HPV, flu)
- Stinging
- Injection site pain and swelling
- Rash 1-2 weeks after admin (MMR+V)
Question:
7. severe vaccine side effects
Answer:
- Guillain-Barre Syndrome (Men A, flu)
- Febrile serizure (MMR V)
- Encephalopathy (DTaP)
Question:
8. pathophys of HBV
Answer:
Hep B virus (DNA), blood or sexual contact, perinatal transmission -70-80 % from HBsAg and
HBeAg positive mothers
Question:
9. symptoms of HBV
Answer:
- most are asymptomatic
- jaundice
- acholic stools with F/N/V Complications:
- fulminant/acute hepatic failure
- cirrhosis
- liver cancer
- death
Question:
10. eval and Tx for HBV
, Answer:
Eval: HB surface antigen and various antibodies
- Supportive care
- serial LFTs
Question:
11. vaccination for HBV
Answer:
birth 1-2m 6m if in adulthood 3 doses at 0, 1 and 6 mon, + surface antibody to confirm successful
vaccination
Question:
12. pathophys of diptheria
Answer:
Incidence: unvaccinated Pathophysiology: Corynebacterium diptheriae gram positive bacillus,
incubation 2-5 days
Question:
13. symptoms and PE findings of diptheria and a complication
Answer:
- malaise
- sore throat
- difficulty swallowing
- loss of appetite
- cervical lymphadenopathy
- grey membrane on pharynx Complications include myocarditis
Question:
14. eval and Tx of diptheria
Answer:
Eval: clinical or by culture Tx: dipetheria antitoxin with erythromycin or PCN x 2 wks, respiratory
droplet isolation, serial EKGs, prophylaxis for close contacts
Question:
15. vaccination of diptheria
Answer:
DTaP: 2-4-6 months, 15-18 mon, 4-6 yrs, Tdap: 11-12 then every 10 years, 1 dose for each
pregnancy 2nd trimester, with reminders to vaccinate adults with close contact with
infants/children
Question:
16. incidence and pathophys of poliomyelitis
Answer:
Incidence: Mostly occurs younger children, unvaccinated, summer and fall, newer outbreaks
across the world, first live inactivated vaccine in 1955 after major outbreak Pathophysiology:
