ETHICS MIDTERM ACTUAL QUESTIONS WITH
VERIFIED SOLUTIONS
◉ Ethical Theory.
Answer: Examines the different principles, ideas, systems, and
philosophies used to make judgments about what is right and wrong
and good and bad.
Two types of ethical theories:
1. utilitarianism
2. Kant's Moral Theory
◉ Motive.
Answer: cause for action
◉ Act.
Answer: Doing something
◉ Consequentialist Theory.
Answer: A theory asserting that what makes an action right is its
consequences (the ends of an action)
, ◉ Non-Consequentialist Theory.
Answer: Judges an action based on the motives for doing it as
opposed to the consequences that will follow this action. (All the
actions leading to a ends must be just)
◉ Relativism.
Answer: (philosophy) the philosophical doctrine that all criteria of
judgment are relative to the individuals and situations involved
(takes situation into account)
◉ Objectivism.
Answer: a metaethical theory that states that ethical claims refer to
objective facts about the world, not to cultural norms or personal
preferences; there are UNIVERSAL STANDARDS of right and wrong
◉ Individual Relativism.
Answer: The belief that right and wrong change from person to
person
◉ Social Relativism.
Answer: truth is relative to societies or cultures, not individuals.
Truth depends on what a society believes, not on the way things are.
what's true for one society may not be true for another
VERIFIED SOLUTIONS
◉ Ethical Theory.
Answer: Examines the different principles, ideas, systems, and
philosophies used to make judgments about what is right and wrong
and good and bad.
Two types of ethical theories:
1. utilitarianism
2. Kant's Moral Theory
◉ Motive.
Answer: cause for action
◉ Act.
Answer: Doing something
◉ Consequentialist Theory.
Answer: A theory asserting that what makes an action right is its
consequences (the ends of an action)
, ◉ Non-Consequentialist Theory.
Answer: Judges an action based on the motives for doing it as
opposed to the consequences that will follow this action. (All the
actions leading to a ends must be just)
◉ Relativism.
Answer: (philosophy) the philosophical doctrine that all criteria of
judgment are relative to the individuals and situations involved
(takes situation into account)
◉ Objectivism.
Answer: a metaethical theory that states that ethical claims refer to
objective facts about the world, not to cultural norms or personal
preferences; there are UNIVERSAL STANDARDS of right and wrong
◉ Individual Relativism.
Answer: The belief that right and wrong change from person to
person
◉ Social Relativism.
Answer: truth is relative to societies or cultures, not individuals.
Truth depends on what a society believes, not on the way things are.
what's true for one society may not be true for another
