WGU C785 BIOCHEMISTRY Final Exam
Questions with Verified Correct Answers
What is the basic structure of an amino acid? What do they look like?
amino group (NH2 or NH3), carboxyl group (COO or COOH), alpha carbon (C), and
variable group
How do you identify the 3 different types of side chains: non-polar/hydrophobic, polar,
and charged?
Non-polar/hydrophobic - end with CH or "can't have" water. Polar - end with OH, SH, or
NH. Charged - end with a charge
what kinds of bonds do each of the 3 different types of side chains make?
ionic, hydrophobic/non-polar, charged
What are the 4 levels of protein structure?
Primary - linear structure, Secondary - Folded into helix or pleated sheet caused by hydrogen
bonding, tertiary - 3D structure caused by side chain interactions, quaternary - 1+ amino acid
chains combine = multiple subunits MUST have 1+ subunit
What enviormental change breaks each type of bond?
hydrophobic - temperature change, ionic - salt or decreased pH, hydrogen - temperature,
change in pH, disulfide - reducing agents
what type of amino acid side chain leads to protein aggregration?
hydrophobic bonds
how do environmental changes affect protein folding?
,Extreme temp can cause hydrogen bonds to break apart = malformation of protein folding
how do mutations affect protein structure?
Can cause structure to change. Protein loses form = loses function. May form a different
protein.
What is an electron?
Negatively charged atom on outer ring for bonding
What is energy:
Power derived fro chemical interaction
what are covalent bonds?
chemical bond, atoms share 1+ valence electrons
what is an ionic bond?
bond between positive and negative
what is a hydrogen bond?
weak bond between positive and negative
with an amino?
piece of amino acid, NH2 or NH3
what is a carboyxl?
piece of amino acid, COO or COOH
What is hydrophobic?
Doesn't like water, end with CH
, what is hydrophilic?
Water Lovering, end with OH, NH, or SH
what is disulfide bond?
strongest bond between reduction agents, formed between SH's.
what are zwitterions?
amino with positive and negative charges = overall charge of zero
what is a polypeptide
polymer of amino acids
What is dehydration synthesis?
Process of forming peptide bonds
what is hydrolysis?
adding water to destroy bonds
what is an alpha helix?
twisted secondary structure, formed by hydrogen bonds
what is a beta sheet?
folded second structure shape, formed by hydrogen bonds
what is denaturation?
loss of shape duet o interruption of chemical bonds; occurs via extreme salt, temp, pH
what is aggregation?
Questions with Verified Correct Answers
What is the basic structure of an amino acid? What do they look like?
amino group (NH2 or NH3), carboxyl group (COO or COOH), alpha carbon (C), and
variable group
How do you identify the 3 different types of side chains: non-polar/hydrophobic, polar,
and charged?
Non-polar/hydrophobic - end with CH or "can't have" water. Polar - end with OH, SH, or
NH. Charged - end with a charge
what kinds of bonds do each of the 3 different types of side chains make?
ionic, hydrophobic/non-polar, charged
What are the 4 levels of protein structure?
Primary - linear structure, Secondary - Folded into helix or pleated sheet caused by hydrogen
bonding, tertiary - 3D structure caused by side chain interactions, quaternary - 1+ amino acid
chains combine = multiple subunits MUST have 1+ subunit
What enviormental change breaks each type of bond?
hydrophobic - temperature change, ionic - salt or decreased pH, hydrogen - temperature,
change in pH, disulfide - reducing agents
what type of amino acid side chain leads to protein aggregration?
hydrophobic bonds
how do environmental changes affect protein folding?
,Extreme temp can cause hydrogen bonds to break apart = malformation of protein folding
how do mutations affect protein structure?
Can cause structure to change. Protein loses form = loses function. May form a different
protein.
What is an electron?
Negatively charged atom on outer ring for bonding
What is energy:
Power derived fro chemical interaction
what are covalent bonds?
chemical bond, atoms share 1+ valence electrons
what is an ionic bond?
bond between positive and negative
what is a hydrogen bond?
weak bond between positive and negative
with an amino?
piece of amino acid, NH2 or NH3
what is a carboyxl?
piece of amino acid, COO or COOH
What is hydrophobic?
Doesn't like water, end with CH
, what is hydrophilic?
Water Lovering, end with OH, NH, or SH
what is disulfide bond?
strongest bond between reduction agents, formed between SH's.
what are zwitterions?
amino with positive and negative charges = overall charge of zero
what is a polypeptide
polymer of amino acids
What is dehydration synthesis?
Process of forming peptide bonds
what is hydrolysis?
adding water to destroy bonds
what is an alpha helix?
twisted secondary structure, formed by hydrogen bonds
what is a beta sheet?
folded second structure shape, formed by hydrogen bonds
what is denaturation?
loss of shape duet o interruption of chemical bonds; occurs via extreme salt, temp, pH
what is aggregation?
