NURS 190 MIDTERM EXAM 2026/2027 | COMPLETE STUDY GUIDE | HIGH-
YIELD PRACTICE QUESTIONS | CORRECT ANSWERS| LATEST UPDATED
VERSION
1. Describe the significance of a heart murmur in relation to cardiovascular
health.
A heart murmur signifies that there is turbulent blood flow, which
may indicate underlying heart conditions.
A heart murmur means the heart is enlarged.
A heart murmur is a sign of high blood pressure.
A heart murmur indicates that the heart is functioning normally.
2. Describe the significance of the P-wave in the context of bradycardia.
The P-wave is irrelevant in the diagnosis of bradycardia.
The P-wave represents the heart's electrical recovery phase.
The P-wave shows the heart's overall rhythm and is not affected by
bradycardia.
The P-wave indicates that the atria are depolarizing, which is crucial
for initiating the heartbeat even in bradycardia.
3. A nurse recognizes the need to place wrist restraints on a client, but the
client does not want the restraints applied. Which is the appropriate nursing
action?
Compromise with the client and use only one wrist restraint instead of
two
Medicate the client with a sedative, then apply the restraints
Apply the restraints anyway
Contact the health care provider.
,4. What condition is commonly associated with jugular vein distention?
Asthma
Heart failure
Pneumonia
Hypertension
5. What is the recommended action for a patient on anticoagulant therapy to
prevent complications from deep vein thrombosis (DVT)?
Stay in bed for the next week.
Avoid all movement of the legs.
Flexing her knees and feet frequently.
Limit fluid intake.
6. What is a common reason for loosening wrist restraints on a patient?
Patient requests to be released
Signs of impaired circulation
Increased heart rate
Patient is asleep
7. Describe the significance of splinter hemorrhages in relation to
cardiovascular health.
Splinter hemorrhages are a normal finding in healthy individuals.
Splinter hemorrhages indicate a need for dietary changes.
Splinter hemorrhages are only related to respiratory conditions.
, Splinter hemorrhages can indicate underlying cardiovascular issues
such as endocarditis or embolic phenomena.
8. A nurse preparing to obtain an arterial blood gas sample completes an Allen
test on the client. What does an Allen test assess for?
Assess coagulation level
Verify patency of the radial and ulnar circulation
assess for sensation in the extremity
Assess for pain in the extremity
9. While assessing a client's lung sounds, the nurse hears rhonchi bilaterally.
What could this finding represent?
this is a normal finding
an upper airway blockage
mucus in larger airways
a consolidation like with pneumonia
10. Interpret the significance of observing unequal chest expansion during a
respiratory assessment.
It means the patient is experiencing muscle fatigue.
It shows that the patient has good lung capacity.
Unequal chest expansion may suggest underlying respiratory
issues such as a collapsed lung or fluid accumulation.
It indicates that the patient is breathing normally.
11. A nurse notices that a patient with wrist restraints is exhibiting signs of
swelling and discoloration in their hands. What should the nurse do next?
, Increase the tightness of the restraints
Monitor the patient for further symptoms
Loosen the wrist restraints immediately
Notify the physician without taking action
12. A nurse is assessing a patient with suspected heart failure and notes an S4
heart sound during auscultation. What should the nurse prioritize in the
patient's care plan?
Monitoring for signs of heart failure exacerbation
Encouraging the patient to engage in high-intensity exercise
Increasing the patient's fluid intake
Administering a diuretic without a physician's order
13. Inspection for inappropriate jugular vein distention can facilitate assessment
of :
right heart pressure
a heart murmur
mitral valve competency
left heart pressure
14. Why is regular exercise recommended for clients diagnosed with heart
failure?
Regular exercise should be avoided to prevent fatigue.
Regular exercise helps improve cardiovascular health and can
enhance the client's overall well-being.
Regular exercise has no impact on heart failure management.
YIELD PRACTICE QUESTIONS | CORRECT ANSWERS| LATEST UPDATED
VERSION
1. Describe the significance of a heart murmur in relation to cardiovascular
health.
A heart murmur signifies that there is turbulent blood flow, which
may indicate underlying heart conditions.
A heart murmur means the heart is enlarged.
A heart murmur is a sign of high blood pressure.
A heart murmur indicates that the heart is functioning normally.
2. Describe the significance of the P-wave in the context of bradycardia.
The P-wave is irrelevant in the diagnosis of bradycardia.
The P-wave represents the heart's electrical recovery phase.
The P-wave shows the heart's overall rhythm and is not affected by
bradycardia.
The P-wave indicates that the atria are depolarizing, which is crucial
for initiating the heartbeat even in bradycardia.
3. A nurse recognizes the need to place wrist restraints on a client, but the
client does not want the restraints applied. Which is the appropriate nursing
action?
Compromise with the client and use only one wrist restraint instead of
two
Medicate the client with a sedative, then apply the restraints
Apply the restraints anyway
Contact the health care provider.
,4. What condition is commonly associated with jugular vein distention?
Asthma
Heart failure
Pneumonia
Hypertension
5. What is the recommended action for a patient on anticoagulant therapy to
prevent complications from deep vein thrombosis (DVT)?
Stay in bed for the next week.
Avoid all movement of the legs.
Flexing her knees and feet frequently.
Limit fluid intake.
6. What is a common reason for loosening wrist restraints on a patient?
Patient requests to be released
Signs of impaired circulation
Increased heart rate
Patient is asleep
7. Describe the significance of splinter hemorrhages in relation to
cardiovascular health.
Splinter hemorrhages are a normal finding in healthy individuals.
Splinter hemorrhages indicate a need for dietary changes.
Splinter hemorrhages are only related to respiratory conditions.
, Splinter hemorrhages can indicate underlying cardiovascular issues
such as endocarditis or embolic phenomena.
8. A nurse preparing to obtain an arterial blood gas sample completes an Allen
test on the client. What does an Allen test assess for?
Assess coagulation level
Verify patency of the radial and ulnar circulation
assess for sensation in the extremity
Assess for pain in the extremity
9. While assessing a client's lung sounds, the nurse hears rhonchi bilaterally.
What could this finding represent?
this is a normal finding
an upper airway blockage
mucus in larger airways
a consolidation like with pneumonia
10. Interpret the significance of observing unequal chest expansion during a
respiratory assessment.
It means the patient is experiencing muscle fatigue.
It shows that the patient has good lung capacity.
Unequal chest expansion may suggest underlying respiratory
issues such as a collapsed lung or fluid accumulation.
It indicates that the patient is breathing normally.
11. A nurse notices that a patient with wrist restraints is exhibiting signs of
swelling and discoloration in their hands. What should the nurse do next?
, Increase the tightness of the restraints
Monitor the patient for further symptoms
Loosen the wrist restraints immediately
Notify the physician without taking action
12. A nurse is assessing a patient with suspected heart failure and notes an S4
heart sound during auscultation. What should the nurse prioritize in the
patient's care plan?
Monitoring for signs of heart failure exacerbation
Encouraging the patient to engage in high-intensity exercise
Increasing the patient's fluid intake
Administering a diuretic without a physician's order
13. Inspection for inappropriate jugular vein distention can facilitate assessment
of :
right heart pressure
a heart murmur
mitral valve competency
left heart pressure
14. Why is regular exercise recommended for clients diagnosed with heart
failure?
Regular exercise should be avoided to prevent fatigue.
Regular exercise helps improve cardiovascular health and can
enhance the client's overall well-being.
Regular exercise has no impact on heart failure management.
